Luminescent oxygen channeling

In order to avoid the described problems, antibody-based assays have been developed. As mentioned above, usually a primary antibody recognizes the modification, which in turn is then quantitated. One of these approaches is based on the technology of AlphaScreen (Amplified luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay) [51, 52], also known as luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI) [53], a method that can be used to study protein-protein interactions in general. In this case the enzymatic transfer of acetyl groups to a histone peptide is determined. 

Ullman, E.F., Kirakossian, H., Singh, S., Wu, Z.P., Irvin, B.R., Pease, J.S., Switchenko, A.C., Irvine, J.D., DafForn, A., Skold, C.N. et al. (1994) Luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay measurement of particle binding kinetics by chemiluminescence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 5426-5430. 

Trends in biochemical screening assays seem to favor the use of multi-function PMT-based readers that allow for various MTP well densities (96, 384, and 1536 well plates), can handle a number of readout formats such as prompt fluorescence, luminescence, fluorescence polarization, time-gated fluorescence, and luminescent oxygen channeling or AlphaScreen. Examples of this type including the Perkin Elmer EnVision, TECAN-Ultra, BMG FluoStar, and LJL Analyst GT can be employed for a variety of the assay technologies described above. 

Ullman, E.F. et al. 1994. Luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay measurement of particle binding kinetics by chemiluminescence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 5426-5430. 

UUman EF, Kirakossian H, Singh S, Irvin BR, Irvine JD, Wagner DB. Luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI) for human thyroid stimulating hormone. In Campbell AK, Kricka LJ, Stanley PE eds, Bioiuminescence and chemiluminescence. Fundamentals and applied aspects. Chichester Wiley, 1994 6-19. 

The Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay (AlphaScreen ) developed by BioSignal, is a bead-based, non-radioactive assay technology. It uses the principle of luminescent oxygen channeling, which was first described in 1994 by Ullman [173], who two years later demonstrated a broad spectrum of applications for such immunoassays [174]. This principle senses the proximity of two beads, a donor and an acceptor bead, which is mediated by the interaction of molecules on the surfaces of the two beads. 

For your further interest, these relations between the luminescent intensity and the pressure are also applicable to liquid flows by replacing the pressure with the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Matsuda et al. [7] measured the unsteady DO concentration distribution by PSP. Mamyama et al. [8] evaluated the photosynthesis of single Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by measuring the DO concentration by using pressure-sensitive channel chip (PSCC) [9]. 

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