Loxosceles envenomation/loxoscelism

Envenomation occurs subcutaneously due to the small biting apparatus of the spider. The Brown Recluse Loxosceles reclusa) spider, as its name implies, is found in secluded areas. Bites occur most frequently to the hands and arms while reaching into woodpiles or other well-protected areas. 

Gendron BP (1990) Loxosceles reclusa envenomation. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 8 51-54. 

Sams HH, Hearth SB, Long LL, et al. (2001) Nineteen documented cases of Loxosceles reclusa envenomation. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 44(4) 603-608. 

Specific antigens in the sera of envenomed patients can be detected using ELISA analysis provided that purified specific antibodies are available. Thus, a highly specific sandwich-ELISA has been developed using affinity chromatography purified horse anti-P. Nigriventer immunoglobulins. Also, a sensitive ELISA has been developed for the specific detection of Loxosceles species venom. 

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