Lowest ineffective dilution

When testing wastewater by means of a graduated dilution (D), the most concentrated test batch at which no inhibition, or only minor effects not exceeding the test-specific variability, were observed is expressed as the Lowest ineffective Dilution (LID) . This dilution is expressed as the reciprocal value of the volume fraction of wastewater in the test batch (e.g. if wastewater content is 1 in 4 (25% volume fraction) the dilution level is D = 4) , quoted from DEV L34, 1998 (draft 2004). (LID = 4 means pT = 2 and LID = 8 means pT = 3, cf. Table 2.)... 

The spontaneous crystallization temperature of each sample of treated wine (Table 1.16) was also determined using the same procedure. Examination of the results shows that a wine filtered on a 10 Da Millipore membrane, i.e. a wine from which all the colloids have been removed, has the lowest value for the supersaturation field (Tsat - Tcso), closest to that of the model dilute alcohol solution. Therefore, the difference between the results for this sample and the higher values of the supersaturation fields of fined samples define the effect of the protective colloids. It is interesting to note that the sample treated with metatartaric acid had the widest supersaturation field, and cold stabilization was completely ineffective in this case. This clearly demonstrates the inhibiting effect this polymer has on crystallization and, therefore, its stabilizing effect on wine (Section 1.7.6). Stabilization by this method, however, is not permanent. 

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