Long range dipole interactions

The description of phase transitions in a two-dimensional dipole system with exact inclusion of long-range dipole interaction and the arbitrary barriers AUv of local potentials was presented in Ref. 56 in the self-consistent-field approximation. The characteristics of these transitions were found to be dependent on AU9 and the number n of local potential wells. At =2, Tc varies from Pj /2 to Pj as AU9... 

D.R. Herrick, Resonance-channel quantum numbers in electron-hydrogen and proton-hydrogen scattering from group theory of the long-range dipole interaction, Phys. Rev. A 12 (1975) 413. 

Figure 7.3 Origin of membrane dipole potential. Key, A-phosphatidyl choline and dipole structure, B—location of cholesterol, C—ion adsorption, D—long-range dipole interaction involving macromolecule, E—dipole contribution of membrane embedded species. See Figure 7.2 for description of modes of ion transport (centre of diagram). Right of figure depicts dipole potential. (Reprinted by kind permission of Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V., Amsterdam).

Resonant rotational to rotational (R-R) energy transfer may have rates exceeding the Leimard-Jones collision frequency because of long-range dipole-dipole interactions in some cases. Quasiresonant vibration to rotation transfer (V-R) has recently been discussed in the framework of a simple model [57]. 

If the collision starts on the excited level, the long-range dipole-dipole interaction produces an interatomic... 

QuantlogP, developed by Quantum Pharmaceuticals, uses another quantum-chemical model to calculate the solvation energy. As in COSMO-RS, the authors do not explicitly consider water molecules but use a continuum solvation model. However, while the COSMO-RS model simpUfies solvation to interaction of molecular surfaces, the new vector-field model of polar Uquids accounts for short-range (H-bond formation) and long-range dipole-dipole interactions of target and solute molecules [40]. The application of QuantlogP to calculate log P for over 900 molecules resulted in an RMSE of 0.7 and a correlation coefficient r of 0.94 [41]. 

Energy transfer, as described by Forster [78], requires a long range dipole-dipole interaction between the donor and the acceptor fluorophore. This energy transfer is possible at distances between 2 and 10 nm. Contrary to what happens in collisional quenching, there is no need for physical contact between the two molecules. 

Energy transfer can result from different interaction mechanisms. The interactions may be Coulombic and/or due to intermolecular orbital overlap. The Coulombic interactions consist of long-range dipole-dipole interactions (Forster s... 

By substituting Eq. (B4.4.5) into Eq. (B4.4.7), we obtain the Forster rate constant kjl (Eq. 4.78 in the text) for energy transfer in the case of long-range dipole-dipole interaction, and substitution of Eq. (B4.4.6) into Eq. (B4.4.7) leads to the Dexter rate constant k fl (Eq. 4.85 in the text) for the short-range exchange interaction. 

Including a dielectric continuum estimate of the long ranged dipole-dipole interaction, using a dielectric constant of 78.5 for the continuum outside the sample space of Monte-Carlo simulation. 

De-excitation of the excited rare gas atoms in the resonant states has been studied less extensively than that of the metastable atoms. This is due to experimental difficulties caused by the short lifetimes of the resonant atoms. There have been reported, however, several theoretical formulations [139,140] based on a long-range dipole-dipole interaction... 

In the absence of long-range dipole-induced dipole interaction of fluor and quencher, as evidenced by the negligible overlap of fluor emission and quencher absorption spectra,58 the diffusional energy transfer process... 

There have been many studies of high-energy radiation effects upon liquids and solution of organic systems. In many of these, energy transfer by the long-range dipole—dipole interaction may be important to some degree. Since the properties of most of these systems remains uncharacterised, it is difficult to be more definitive, but the articles by Mullin et al. [175], Miyazaki [196], Wada and Hatano [177], Jonah et al. [178], and Katsumura et al. [179] are all of possible interest and concern. 

K. L. C. Hunt. Long-range dipoles, quadrupoles, and hyperpolarizabilities of interacting inert-gas atoms. Chem. Phys. Lett., 70 336, 1980. 

This interaction arises from the overlap of the deformation fields around both defects. For weakly anisotropic cubic crystals and isotropic point defects, the long-range (dipole-dipole) contribution obeys equation (3.1.4) with a(, ip) oc [04] (i.e., the cubic harmonic with l = 4). In other words, the elastic interaction is anisotropic. If defects are also anisotropic, which is the case for an H centre (XJ molecule), in alkali halides or crowdions in metals, there is little hope of getting an analytical expression for a [35]. The calculation of U (r) for F, H pairs in a KBr crystal has demonstrated [36] that their attraction energy has a maximum along an (001) axis with (110) orientation of the H centre reaching for 1 nn the value -0.043 eV. However, in other directions their elastic interaction was found to be repulsive. 

The case m = 6 corresponds to the most long-range dipole-dipole interaction. Define how the time-dependent correlation length = o (subscript O indicates that the linear approximation is employed) ... 

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