Localization of atoms

Magnasco, V. and Perico, A. (1968) Uniform localization of atomic and molecular orbitals. 

The degree of confinement or localization of atoms at their lattice sites can be a small fraction of a wavelength of the laser... 

As one can see that this e-book has covered a broad speetrum of research topics from experimental demonstrations of EIT-related effects (such as cavity linewidth modification, phase-dependent interferenee, and optical storage) to several interesting theoretieal predictions (e.g. localization of atoms, quantum correlation, and tunable photonie bandgaps). Also, in the experimental demonstrations of atomic coherence effects, different multi-level media, such as hot atomic cell in an optieal cavity (Chapter 1), cold atoms in the magneto-optical trap (Chapter 2), and solid crystal at low temperature (Chapter 6), are used, which show the broad applicabihty of atomic coherence effects and their potential applications. 

For a polished metal the application of such fields produces a picture of localization of atoms in metal, due to fields variation between atoms. Figure 3.28-right, the process representing the base of the methods of atomic scanning microscopy. 

For example, at an intensity I of the counterpropagating traveling laser waves producing the standing laser wave of the order of (c/87t)Eo = 1 kWcm , and for a tjqjical atomic off-resonance polarizability x 10 cm , the condition (5.2) is satisfied only for atoms with quite a low temperature T < 1 /itK. In the case of localization of atoms in a three-dimensional standing hght wave (an optical lattice) (Letokhov 1973c), the proportion of trapped atoms at normal temperature is very small. So, the... 

Hamers R J and Kohler U K 1989 Determination of the local electronic structure of atomic-sized defects on Si(OOI) by tunnelling spectroscopy J. Vac. Sc/. Technol. A 7 2854... 

Highest occupied molecular orbital Intermediate neglect of differential overlap Linear combination of atomic orbitals Local density approximation Local spin density functional theory Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Many-body perturbation theory Modified INDO version 3 Modified neglect of diatomic overlap Molecular orbital Moller-Plesset... 

LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbitals) refers to construction of a wave function from atomic basis functions LDA (local density approximation) approximation used in some of the more approximate DFT methods... 

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