Liquid glycerol

Simons, D.S. Colby, B.N. Evans, C.A., Jr. Electrohydrodynamic lonization-MS. Ionization of Liquid Glycerol and Nonvolatile Organic Solutes. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1974,15,291-302. 

SIMS. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry is particularly suited for ionization of nonvolatile, polar, and thermally labile molecules. Liquid SIMS, using liquid glycerol matrices, is best done in the differentially-pumped external ion source, because matrix effects and the high vapor pressure of glycerol make liquid SIMS unsuitable for single cell low-pressure FTMS. 

In order to verify these facts, measurements were performed in three geometrically similar copper cylinders with D = 30.0 37.8 and 47.2 mm and five different liquids (glycerol, superheated steam cylinder oil, silicone oil Baysilon M 1.000, Desmophen 1.100 and HD oil SAE 90). The standard representation of their material functions i(T) almost corresponds well (see Example 11). 

D. W. Davidson and R. H. CJolc. J. Chem. Phys. 19, 1484-90 (1951). Dielec-trie relaxation liquid glycerol, propanol, propylene glycol, 20-5000 cycles/sec. 

Fats are triesters of glycerol (triglycerides, pp. 1374-7). If the fatty acid is saturated (R in the diagram = n-alkyl), the fats are usually solids and can block drains. Hydrolysis with NaOH and water, or even, less efficiendy but more safely, Na2C03 and water gives liquid glycerol and solid but water-soluble sodium salts of the fatty acids. 

The above agents are delivered in a variety of forms. Their compatibility with various solvents (propellants, alcohol, water), liquids (glycerol, polyethylene glycol, oleic acid, sorbitan trioleate, lecithin), and solid (lactose) phase excipients is key to the chemical and physical stability of the products. The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients lists most of these materials.35... 

Molecules with complex structures, which do not "slide" smoothly past each other, and polar molecules, tend to have higher viscosity than less structurally complex, less polar liquids. Glycerol, which is used in a variety of skin treatments, has the structural formula ... 

Finally, liquid glycerol is frozen to glass (hence no heat of fusion), and cooled from Tto to 0 K, and for this,... 

PRESSURE DEPENDENCE OF THE ELASTIC MODULI OF LIQUID GLYCEROL. 

Simons DS, Colby BN, Evans CA Jr. Electrohydrodynamic ionization mass spectrometry— the ionization of liquid glycerol and non-volatile organic solutes. Int J Mass Spectrom Ion... 

Pationic 1004 is a liquid glycerol mono oleate product. It is derived from natural fats and oils, and incorporates a surfactant for aqueous self-emulsification. 

P. Wiltzius and W. van Saarloos. Absenee of increase in length scale upon approaching the glass temperature in liquid glycerol. J. Chem. Phys., 94 (1991), 5061-5063. 

Figure 11.18 Observed channels for collisions of DCI with liquid glycerol (ROH) at a collision energy of 95 kJ mol 61% of the incident DCI molecules are trapped. DCI dissociation and recombination to form HCI may occur in the interfacial and bulk regions of the liquid [adapted from Ringeisen etal. (2002)].

PRACTICE EXAMPLE B Suppose P ar. and Pgas are those described in Example 6-2, but the manometer is filled with liquid glycerol (d = 1.26 g/cm ) instead of mercury. What would be the difference in the two levels of the liquid ... 

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