Liquid fluidisation

Di Felice, R., 1995. Hydrodynamics of liquid fluidisation. Chemical Engineering Science, 50, 1213-1245. 

Patwardhan, V.S. and Chi Tien, 1985. Sedimentation and liquid fluidisation of solid particles of different sizes and densities. Chemical Engineering Science, 40, 1051-1060. 

The technique of passing a gas into a solid which is in the form of tiny granules and thus making the solid behave as if it were a dense, viscous liquid. Fluidised materials may be easily piped from place to place, but a particular application in the rubber industry is the vulcanisation of extruded sections. See Fluid Bed Vulcanisation. Fluorinated Elastomers... 

Khan, A. R. University of Wales, Ph.D. thesis (1978). Heat transfer from immersed surfaces to liquid-fluidised beds. 

In general, the behaviour of gas-fluidised systems is considerably more complex than that of liquid-fluidised systems which exhibit a gradual transition from fixed bed to fluidised bed followed by particle transport, without a series of transition regions, and with bed expansion and pressure drop conforming reasonably closely to values calculated for ideal... 

The good heat transfer properties of fluidised systems have led to their adoption in circumstances where close control of temperature is required. The presence of the particles in a fluidised system results in an increase of up to one-hundredfold in the heat transfer coefficient, as compared with the value obtained with a gas alone at the same velocity. In a liquid-fluidised system the increase is not so marked. 

Ostergaard, K. Studies of Gas-Liquid Fluidisation. Thesis (Technical University of Denmark, 1968). Saxena, S. C. Advances in Heat Transfer 19 (1989) 97-190. Heat transfer between immersed surfaces and gas fluidized beds. 

Richardson, 1. F. and Smith, 1. W. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 40 (1962) 13. Heat transfer to liquid fluidised systems and to suspensions of coarse particles in vertical transport. 

AL-DlBOUNI, M. R. and Garside, J. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 57 (1979) 94. Particle mixing and classification in liquid fluidised beds. 

Epstein, N. and Pruden, B.B. Chem, Eng. Sci. 54 (1999) 401. Liquid fluidisation of binary particle mixtures - III. Stratification by size and related topics. 

Richardson, J. F. and Mitson, A. E. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 36 (1958) 270. Sedimentation and fluidisation. Part II. Heat transfer from a tube wall to a liquid-fluidised system. 

Richardson, J. F., Romani, M. N., Shakiri, K. J. Chem. Eng. Sci. 31 (1976) 619. Heat transfer from immersed surfaces in liquid fluidised beds. 

Discuss the variation of the index n with flow conditions, indicating why this is independent of the Reynolds number Re with respect to the particle at very low and very high values of Re. When are appreciable deviations from this relation observed with liquid fluidised systems ... 

Little is known about the influence of particle shape on the minimum fluidising velocity and bed expansion of liquid fluidised beds even for Newtonian liquids [Couderc, 1985 Flemmer et al., 1993]. The available scant data suggests that, if the diameter of a sphere of equal volume is used together with its sphericity factor, satisfactory predictions of the minimum fluidising velocity are obtainable from the expressions for spherical particles. Only one... 

Carlos CR, Richardson JF. Solids movement in liquid fluidised beds—II. Measurement of axial mixing coefficients. Chem Eng Sci 23 825-831, 1968b. 

Di Felice R. The voidage function for fluid-particle interaction systems. Int J Multiphase Flow 20 153-159, 1994. Di Felice R. Hydrodynamics of liquid fluidisation. Chem Eng Sci 50 1213-1245, 1995. 

Di Felice R, Gibilaro LG, Waldram SP, Foscolo SP. Mixing and segregation in binary-solid liquid fluidised bed. Chem Eng Sci 42 639-652, 1987. 

Gibilaro LG, Di Felice R, Waldram SP, Foscolo PU. A predictive model for the equilibrium composition and inversion of binary-solid liquid fluidised beds. Chem Eng Sci 41 379-387, 1986a. 

Gibilaro LG, Hossain I, Foscolo PU. Aggregate behaviour of liquid fluidised beds. Can J Chem Eng 64 931 938, 1986b. 

Joshi JB. Solid-liquid fluidised beds some design aspects. Chem Eng Res Des 61 143-161, 1983. 

Latif BAJ, Richardson JF. Circulation patterns and velocity distributions for particles in a liquid fluidised bed. Chem Eng Sci 27 1933-1949, 1972. 

Moritomi H, Iwase T, Chiba T. A comprehensive interpretation of solid layer inversion in liquid fluidised beds. Chem Eng Sci 37 1751-1757, 1982. 

Trupp AC. Dynamics of liquid fluidised beds of spheres. I Chem E Symp Ser 30 182 189, 1968. 

Darton RC, Harrison D. The rise of single gas bubbles in liquid fluidised beds. Trans Instn Chem Engrs 52 301 306, 1974. 

As a result, smaller as well as larger perforated packing elements are characterised by a different flooding mechanism, as droplets occur in liquid-fluidised beds, compared to... 

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