Liquid feeds, characterization fractions

The liquid phase continuity equations for the components and GOi contain the rate equations expressed by Kumar and Froment [2007] in terms of the single-event approach, already presented in Section 2.4.4 Hydrocracking of Chapter 2. Their most advanced version of the simulation model characterizes the VGO-feed by 1266 components and GOi. The current methods used for the analysis of heavy petroleum fractions do not permit to reach such detail, but methods have been developed that reconstruct their composition at the molecular level starting from global analytical results such as carbon-, hydrogen-, and sulphur-content, specific gravity, mass spectrometry, distillation curve... [Hudebine and Verstraete, 2004 Martinis and Froment, 2009 Charon-Revellin et al, 2010]. 

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