Lipoxidase, lipoxygenase

There are two types of lipid peroxidation chemical (nonenzymic) peroxidation and enzyme-catalyzed peroxidation. The nonenzymic peroxidation has been described above. In the enzyme-catalyzed peroxidation, lipoxidases (or lipoxygenases), which are present in both plants and animals, catalyzed the following reaction ... 

Enzymes of this type were formerly known as fat oxidase, carotene oxidase, and lipoxidase lipoxydase in French) and have also been listed under E.C. 1.99.2.1 and E.C. 1.13.1.13. It should be emphasized that several species of enzyme, distinguishable by substrate and product specificities as well as by physical properties, are covered by the generic term lipoxygenase. ... 

The presence of a lipid-oxidizing enzyme in plants, then termed lipoxidase, was first described by Andre and Hou in 1932 [1]. A pigment bleaching property, attributed to a separate enzyme activity described as carotene oxidase, was later found to originate from this enzyme as well [2]. The name lipoxygenase (linoleateioxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.13.11.12) is now used for this enzyme. 

Lipoxygenases (originally termed lipoxidases) were discovered in higher plants before the first reports on their presence in mammalian cells [1-4]. Nevertheless, the first clear biological function of a lipoxygenase was established for a mammalian enzyme (the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) when the biosynthesis of leukotrienes was elucidated [5]. More recently, research into plant lipoxygenases has intensified. 

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