Lipinski properties molecular descriptor

An extensive series of studies for the prediction of aqueous solubility has been reported in the literature, as summarized by Lipinski et al. [15] and jorgensen and Duffy [16]. These methods can be categorized into three types 1 correlation of solubility with experimentally determined physicochemical properties such as melting point and molecular volume 2) estimation of solubility by group contribution methods and 3) correlation of solubility with descriptors derived from the molecular structure by computational methods. The third approach has been proven to be particularly successful for the prediction of solubility because it does not need experimental descriptors and can therefore be applied to collections of virtual compounds also. 

One of the simplest and most common ways to evaluate a molecule for ADME properties is a qualitative examination of its basic descriptor values such as molecular weight (MW), ClogP for lipophilicity, polar surface area (PSA), counts of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors (HBD, HBA), and count of rotatable bonds (RB). This type of approach popularized by Lipinski s famous Rule of 5 was published a decade ago [6]. Lipinski et al. established cutoffs for MW (500), ClogP (5), HBA (10), and HBD (5). These cutoffs were based on the 90th percentile of distributions of molecules in the World Drug Index having USAN or INN names. The Rule of 5 considers a violation of any two of these cutoffs to be an alert for poor absorption or permeability. 

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