Lipid spray congealing

In order to be incorporated into an SLN, a drug must be soluble in the lipid phase. Drug loading has been reported to be between 5% and 25%. Lipid micro-or nanoparticles can be produced by spray congealing, but large-scale production is most easily and cost-effectively accomplished by homogenization. 

Albertini B, Passerini N, Di Sabatino M, Vitali B, Brigidi P, Rodriguez L (2009) Polymer-lipid based muco-adhesive microspheres prepared by spray-congealing for the vaginal delivery of econazole nitrate. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 36 591-601. 

Maschke A, Becker C, Eyrich D, Kiermaier J, Blunk T, Gdpferich A (2007) Deyelopment of a spray congealing process for the preparation of insulin-loaded lipid microparticles and characterization thereof. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 65(2) 175-187. 

Spray congealing of the w/o emulsions (prepared from the lipid mixture (oil phase) and glucose solution (water phase) with an emulsifier)... 

Eldem, T. Speiser, P. Hincal, A. Optimization of spray-dried and -congealed lipid micropellets and characterization of the surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. Pharm. Res. 1991, 8, 47-54. 

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