Lingulodinium polyedra

Vemet, M. and Whitehead, K., Release of ultraviolet-absorbing compounds by the red-tide dinoflagel-late Lingulodinium polyedra, Mar. Biol., 127, 35, 1996. 

Associated with toxic outbreaks, some other species have been detected Lingulodinium polyedra in the Adriatic Sea and P. reticulatum in the Norwegian and the Adriatic Sea. 

Arevalo, F. et al.. First report of yessotoxins in mussels of Galician Ri as during a bloom of Lingulodinium polyedra Stein (Dodge), in Molluscan Shellfish Safety, Henshilwood, K. et al., Eds., Marine Institute Galway, Ireland, 2006, 184. 

Since the year 2001, the species name Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge 1989 is widely used in place of Gonyaulax polyedra Stein 1883. Considering that many important papers on dinoflagel-late luminescence have been published using the old name, the name Gonyaulax is used in this book. 

Fig. 8.1 Luminescence spectra of luciferin-luciferase reaction of the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra (Lingulodinium polyedrum) in a solution (solid line), isolated scintillons (x), and living Gonyaulax cells (o). From Hastings et al., 1966.

Observations of MAA synthesis relative to radiation exposure have been reported for several other dinoflagellate species (Table 15.5). In all but one study, increases in visible light intensities caused increases in the MAA concentration of cells.166 171 172 The exception was the dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium (Gonyaulax) polyedra, where exposure to visible light plus UV stimulated a 70% increase in the UV absorption of cells, but exposure to visible light alone resulted in an estimated 30% decline in cellular UV absorption.129... 

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