Linear chain, of reaction

Figure 40. A simple example Cellular metabolism is modeled as a linear chain of reactions, with long range interactions mimicking the cellular environment and interactions within the metabolic network. The parameters are the number of metabolites m, the number of regulatory interactions, the probability p of positive versus negative interaction, as well as the maximal displacement ymax from equilibrium for each reaction. Each reaction is modeled as a reversible Michaelis Menten equation according to the methodology described in Section VIII.

A linear chain of reactions, A] A2. .. A , with reaction rate constants fc, (for Aj Aj+i), gives the first example of limitation Let the reaction rate constant kq be the smallest one. Then we expect the following behavior of the reaction chain in timescale the components Ai,..., A -i transform fast into A, and... 

Let the ergodicity boundary reaction start at A e Gi and end at B e ll2- We define the maximal linear chain of reactions in dominant system with start at B . .. This chain belongs to IJ2. Let us extend this chain from the left by the... 

The structured character of biochemical reaction networks is exploited by the synthesis algorithm in early pruning and abstraction, with significant gains in computational efficiency. This happens because the algorithm processes first those compounds and reactions that lead to few or no new combinations. This is shown schematically in Fig. 19, where some irrelevant portions of the network are pruned and some linear chains of reactions are compacted. We should note that this kind of reaction sequences are very common in biochemical reaction systems. 

To see how the question of stability is connected with the minimum principle let us consider the linear chain of reactions discussed above in a state for which... 

Moreover, RAFs can be composed also by linear chains of reactions, provided that the presence of the first element of the chain is guaranteed by the environment (a case not present in this work, because of the chemical species that can pass through the membrane have not catalytic activities). 

This material, previously thought to be Hg CAsP Ij, contains infinite linear chains of Hg atoms in two mutually perpendicular directions. Each Hg atom bears a charge of 0.35. On further reaction of AsFj with Hg in liq SO2, a deep red solution is obtained as well as the golden crystals. From this red solution two further polynuclear Hg derivatives, HgjfAsF Ij and Hg4(AsF5)2 crystallize ... 

These results may be explained on the basis that xylan possesses a linear chain of 1,4-linked anhydroxylose units. However, it should be pointed out that on hydrolysis of the oxidized xylan, some D-xylose is found in addition to the expected glyceraldehyde and glyoxal.I04(b) While it is possible that the oxidation reaction is not complete, another explanation is that a branched xylan chain may be present. If branching occurs on a pentose chain unit, only one free hydroxyl would remain on the unit hence, it would not be oxidized or degraded during the course of the periodate reaction. 

Our first study of these systems was the synthesis in 1998 of the polymeric complex [ 1( 6 5)2( )2] through the reaction between triphenylphosphine oxide, thallium nitrate and lithium bis(pentafluorophenyl)aurate(I) [71]. This complex consisted of an extended unsupported linear chain of alternate gold and thallium centers. These atoms displayed Au-Tl interactions of 3.0358(8) and 3.0862(8) A, and the thallium atoms showed a distorted pseudo-trigonal-bipyramidal environment, taking into account the stereochemically active inert pair of this atom. As described below, the environment around thallium is one of the main factors that affects the optical properties of these mixed systems. 

The delocalization of the Jt-electrons is energetically favorable, and this affects the reactivity of aromatic compounds There is a tendency towards restoring aromaticity. This is why aromatic compounds, in contrast to regular alkenes (linear chains of carbon atoms containing at least one double bond), do not easily undergo addition reactions, whereby a double bond is replaced by two single bonds. Aromatic compounds show a preference for substitution reactions, which means that atoms are replaced. 

In the course of developing the idea of the enzymatic catalysis mechanism Poltorak [99] stated the uniformity of enzymatic catalysis mechanisms in the framework of suggested notion of linear chain of bond redistribution (linear CBR). Actually, this idea laid the foundation for the catalase reaction mechanism suggested by Poltorak. In this mechanism, owing to composition of linear CBRs he showed the means for effective proton transfer between... 

In the transglycosylation reaction, a cyclodextrin or starch chain is cleaved and another starch chain is added to the cleaved chain, resulting in one longer linear chain and one shorter linear chain of glucopyranosyl units. This allows for the formation of a mixture of cydodextrins from a single reaction. 

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