Linalol

Determination of the enantiomeric ratio of linalol and linalyl acetate in bergamot oil... 

Mondello et al. (2, 20-23) have used a multidimensional gas chromatographic system based on the use of mechanical valves which were stable at high temperatures developed in their laboratory for the determination of the enantiomeric distribution of monoterpene hydrocarbons (/3-pinene, sabinene and limonene) and monoterpene alcohols (linalol, terpinen-4-ol and a-terpineol) of citrus oils (lemon, mandarin, lime and bergamot). Linalyl acetate was also studied in bergamot oil. The system consisted of two Shimadzu Model 17 gas chromatographs, a six-port two-position valve and a hot transfer line. The system made it possible to carry out fully... 

This oil conlaios eugeool, ciuoamio aldehyde, safrol, bcn aldehyde, linalol, terpones, and traces of ben.zoie auid. 

The ptinolpal constituent ie safrol, hut linalol, eugenol, and eugenol-methyl ether ate also present in the oil. 

The oil ooulaitiK ongoiiol, tnethvl-eugHiinl. iiliellaiidrctui, and jiroli-ablv linalol. 

On acctylaclou for the piolouged period of 4 lo 6 houia in three to funr times its volume of xylene (since Hnalol dixomposes by acetylation wilhoui such dilution), the oil shows a total linalol value ot 60 to 90 per cent, or over. It is scluhle in 2 volumes ol 70 per cent, alcohol. 

Tbev found presrot in the oil ciim.-ol, linalol, ecaniol, aud (jecaciyl... 

IS chiefly due toed pinene and cinenl (c.nca- e of camphor, linalol, bornool, and re also present m small quantities. D this oil, but its presence has not iilarit5- ol the odour of this oil to explained when one oonsidera that... 

Dupont and Gaerlain have identified n f-linalol in the oil. Bertram and VV albaum and d-eamphor. 

According lo Walhaum, the oil ctmlains ahout CO per cent, of linalol, but his resiilts were oblaioeii by a direct acatvIatioQ. H the method ol Boulez be used, which is necessary in the case of linalol, from 65 to 70... 

Ser coni, of linalol is indicaled, Jjf,ilni.a-fi ueue. i-a-pinene, /J.pincne, ipentene, eymcnc, terpinene, getaniol, bornc.ol, acetic esters, and decyl aldehyde are also presfut in the oil. with, possibly, phcllandrene and tcrpinoleue. 

This oil cqquIus only about 5 to b per cent, of esters and 8 per cent, of free alcohol. Tt is probable that the alrohol present is linalol and not geraniol. 

In addition to cucalyptol, the oil contains heuealdehyde (. ) I-pincnii Mimonene, dipcntene, and a sesquiterpene alcohol, which has been termed melaleucol, Ii is suggesled that this alcohol may be related to the alcohol iierolidol, in the same way as geraniol is to linalol. The idenlity ol this body, however, is hardly established bv experimental... 

Phenyl i-ibyl alcohol has recentlv beeii shown to he a normal constituent of otto of rose, but it appears to he mostly, if not entirely lust or dsstroveil by the Bulgarian method of rlisiillation. Nerol ifi also present in small amount as well as, probably, faroesol. a sesquiterpene alcohol CijH.,0, present in oil of cassie flowers. Eiigeuol, linalol, and nonyliu aldehyde arc also present in traces. 

Eucalyplol is present in the oil, as well at, bonieol and, possihly. linalol- Boruyl esters of tor are alsd present. 

It coolaius dipttjtene, 15 per cent, of linalol, and 1 per cent, of ciiral. H. F. Roller bas examioed the oil obtained by steam distillation from the peel of Citrus de umatui grown in the United Stales. He found it to have the following charicicrs —... 

The amount of free linalol is the most important feature of tho oil. Its actual determination is difticull, if not im xrssiblo, on account of the case with which it decomposes under the uciion of acetic anhydride. Boulez s mod ificiiLion o( the njual acutvlation process, Viowc.mr, yields approximately corri.[Pg.472]

Linalol is a tertiary alcohol of the formula Cj HjgO, which, with its acetic ester (and traces of other esters) forms the basis of the perfume,of bergamot and lavender oils. By dehydration linalol is converted into terpenes of which the principal are limonene and dipentene, and by esterification into its acetic ester. The examination of the essential oil at different periods of the development of the bergamot fruit has led Charabot and Laloue to the following conclusions. As the fruit matures the essential oil undergoes the following modifications —... 

The proportion of free linalol and even of total linalol decreases to a very sensible extent. 

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