Light scattering turbidity

Light scattering, turbidity and spectroscopic studies show a transition between two conformational states of the chains in solution which are in a dynamic equilibrium 74). 

Molecular mucin-based assays Viscometry and rheology Dynamic light scattering Turbidity, light scattering... 

Foam rheology has been a challenging area of research of interest for the yield behavior and stick-slip flow behavior (see the review by Kraynik [229]). Recent studies by Durian and co-workers combine simulations [230] and a dynamic light scattering technique suited to turbid systems [231], diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS), to characterize coarsening and shear-induced rearrangements in foams. The dynamics follow stick-slip behavior similar to that found in earthquake faults and friction (see Section XU-2D). 

Flocculation values achieved from turbidity measurements using the light scattering technique showed improvement with nonylphenol ether carboxylic acid (4 mol EO) in particular. The oil solubilization rate has been found to be proportional to the surfactant micellar size [190]. 

It is sometimes preferred to consider the fraction of the light scattered in all directions from the primary beam per cm. of path. Thus a beam of intensity I decreases, as a result of scattering, by the amount ridx in traveling the distance dx through the solution of turbidity r.f After traversing a distance x, the incident beam will have been reduced from the initial intensity 7o to /, where... 

Equation (37), or (37 ), may be expected to represent the turbidity as a function of concentration over the range in which (c/r )/(c/r°)o<4 with adequate accuracy. Molecular weight heterogeneity may affect the coefficients F2 entering the osmotic and light-scattering expression somewhat differentlywith the result that the values obtained for F2 by the two methods may not necessarily be identical if unfractionated samples are used. 

Turbidity as determined by light-scattering measurements, and the same quantity corrected for dissymmetry (Chap. VII). 

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