Light-emitting diodes lifetime

ID Parker, Y Cao, and CY Yang, Lifetime and degradation effects in polymer light-emitting diodes, J. Appl. Phys., 85 2441-2447, 1999. 

S. Karg, J.C. Scott, S.R. Salem, and M. Angelopoulos, Increased brightness and lifetime of polymer light-emitting diodes with polyaniline anodes, Synth. Met., 80 111-117, 1996. 

Figure 11.15. Schematics of the optical arrangement and temperature probes for the Cr+ fluorescence lifetime-based fiber optic thermometers. F = short-pass optical filter Fa = bandpass or long-pass optical filter LD = laser diode LED = light emitting diode S = the fluorescence material used as sensing element vm = signal to modulate the output intensity of the excitation light source v/= the detected fluorescence response from the sensing element.

P. Vitta, N. Kurilcik, S. Jursenas, et al., Fluorescence-lifetime identification of biological agents using deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes, in Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2005. 

Hetero spirofluorenes, (III), were prepared by the author et al. (4) in an earlier investigation and used in polymer organic light-emitting diodes having extended lifetimes. 

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