Light electromagnetic theory

The reflectivity is measured from a flat surface for normal incidence of the incoming light. Electromagnetic theory shows that the reflectivity R = IKa/ hn is given in terms of the real and imaginary parts n and k, respectively, of the complex index of refraction (cf. Bohren Huffman 1983),... 

Born, M., and Wolf, E., Principles of Optics, Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation Interference and Diffraction of Light, 6th ed. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1980. 

Born, M. and Wolf, E. (1980). Principles of optics electromagnetic theory ofpropagation, interference and diffraction of light. Pergamon, Oxford. [41]... 

M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics—Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light, 7th expanded ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999. 

In light of the intention of the present writer to introduce topology into electromagnetic theory, I quote further [22, p. 81]... 

It is instructive to pursue the interpretation of the calcite rhomb experiment beyond the simple Huyghenian construction to learn something about the polarization of the transmitted light. The electromagnetic theory of light requires that the electric vector shall be contained in the plane of the wave front. The ordinary disturbances vibrate perpendicular to a principal section. Also the extraordinary disturbance must vibrate in the principal section plane. 

In addition, classical electromagnetic theory predicts that light waves have momentum given by... 

If you recall from the beginning of this chapter, some of the work that led to the development of the modem atomic theory was done by scientists Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Louis de Broglie, Werner Heisenberg, Niels Bohr, and Erwin Shrodinger. The first work centered around light (electromagnetic radiation), while the later work focused on the wave-like nature of matter. The AP test does not probe too deeply into the theoretical considerations of any of these scientists, but some calculations have popped up on previous tests. Therefore, let s turn our attention to some of the equations associated with these scientists work. 

When the examination was over and the report submitted, a new tumult was raised. Kelvin opposed the theory in general. He could -understand nothing, he said, which could not be translated into a mechanical model. For this reason he had likewise rejected Maxwell s electromagnetic theory of light. Only the Dane submitted an enthusiastic judgment of the... 

Hertz, H. 1857-1922 Experimental verification of the electromagnetic theory of light Mason (1961)... 

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