Ligatures, surgical

Surgical ligatures and sutures Used in surgery Intestinal tissues, tendons of animals. 

Previous shunt operations and TIPS need to be removed in order to guarantee that the transplanted liver is sufficiently supplied with portovenous blood. In these cases, the portal system is checked preoperatively for thromboses by means of colour-encoded duplex sonography and X-ray techniques. In any case, the confluence of superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein must be free. (391) The main advantage of portacaval end-to-side anastomosis is its low thrombosis rate of < 5% in addition, there is no need for a distal shunt ligature. In shunts distal to the hilus (mesocaval, distal splenorenal), no preparation of the liver hilus is required however, in 10% of cases, these shunts show portal vein thrombosis (in TIPS, up to 15%). Usually, all surgical shunts are disconnected or ligated before the liver transplantation is completed in order to... 

Figure 8.43 (A) A 3-year-old girl with abnormal origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. ECG recording previous to a surgical intervention shows very abnormal Q wave especially in VL and V6. Ligature of left coronary...

Fibrin sealant patch indicated for use as an adjunct to hemostasis in cardiovascular surgery when control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques, such as suture, ligature, or cautery, is ineffective or impractical... 

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