Ligand nonbiological

In nonbiological applications, mixed ruthenium complexes of bipyridyl ligands and substituted pteridine diones have been used as components of photovoltaic cells <2002JPH167>. When fabricated into sol-gel processed titanium oxide electrodes, these complexes achieved photocurrent conversion efficiency in the range 20 8%. 

The metals demonstrate that 1,2-benzenedithiolate derived ligands with thioether donors are practically as versatile as 1,2-benzenedithiolate itself with regard to coordinating transition metals. The metals can be enzyme relevant as well as nonbiological metals, although emphasis has been put on... 

Boronic acid and its derivatives are another class of nonbiological ligands that have weak binding and are often used under isocratic conditions. These are employed in the method of boronate affinity chromatography, which makes use of the ability of such ligands to form covalent... 

A number of more specihc ligand—metal ion interactions are hidden within Table 2.1. For example, Mg + is often associated with phosphate ligands (Chapter 10) Ca " " is most commonly coordinated by carboxylate ligands as in proteolytic enzymes of the blood coagulation cascade where Ca + is often bound to y-carboxyglutamate residues and Cu " " is often bound to histidine residues. Nonbiological metal ions which are of importance in medicine or as environmental pollutants can also use the same ligands. Thus,... 

Few dinuclear iron(II) complexes are known where the ligands approximately resemble those believed or known to occur in the family of t-oxodi-iron(III) proteins. The dioxygen-binding process in hemerythrin has no close nonbiological analogue. Although spectroscopically similar to oxyhemerythrin. 

In the presence of O2, nonbiological copper(I) [and iron(II)] complexes are often susceptible to ligand degradation, which may give the illusion of O2 binding 102 jjjg mechanisms by which this reaction occurs remain essentially unknown. Iron-porphyrin systems are rather more robust. Nonetheless, there are now several well-characterized copper(I) systems that reversibly bind dioxy-at least at low temperature. One that has been structurally character-... 

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