Ligand-induced transfer

The net result of this ligand-induced transfer mechanism can be interpreted as a change in the electronic structure of the surface atoms into a formal 3d -like atomic configuration (diamagnetic). The volume Ni atoms, on the other hand, retain most of their original 3d 4s character, so that they still show magnetic behavior similar to that of the bulk metal. 

Patel, R. C., Lange, D. C. and Patel, Y. C. (2002). Photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer reveals ligand-induced oligomer formation of human somatostatin receptor subtypes. Methods 27, 340-8. 

Copper-catalyzed [2 + 2] photocycloadditions are related to the latter reactions. These transformations have been extensively studied, frequently in the context of application to organic synthesis [21], When irradiated in the presence of copper(I) triflate, norbomene 12 was effidently transformed into its dimer 13 (Scheme 5.3, reaction 4) [22]. Although complexes such as III are involved in the reaction mechanism [22, 23], it is unclear whether MLCT (metal to ligand charge transfer) or LMCT (ligand to metal charge transfer) excitation induces the transformation. 

Figure 6.7 Inner-sphere redox processes induced by different CT (charge transfer) excited states in transition metal complexes. LMCT, ligand-to-metal charge transfer MLCT, metal-to-ligand charge transfer...

Juskowiak B, Dominiak A, Takenaka S, Takagi M. Isomerization of DNA-bound distilbazolium ligand induced by electron transfer from photoexcited tris(l,10-phenanthroline)Ru(II). Photochem Photobiol 2001 74 391-400. 

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