Lidar in the study of atmospheric chemistry tropospheric measurements

Lidar in the study of atmospheric chemistry tropospheric measurements 

Air pollution due to particulate matter and SO from coal combustion, has been a serious problem for many years. The word smog was originally coined in 1905 (see Wayne (2000)) to describe the combination of aerosol particulates and fog. These conditions were present in many industrial cities, and especially in London in the 1940s-50s more than 4000 people died in the 1952 London pollution episode. However, new regulations were introduced (smokeless fuel) and this problem was soon eliminated. 

In the 1940s a new type of smog was discovered. The phenomenon, known as photochemical smog , 

A so-called photostationary state can be reached between NO, NO2 and O3, in which the O3 concentration is governed by the NO2/NO ratio, i.e. 

The photostationary state implies that no net increase of O3 is taking place while one O3 molecule is produced by the combination of atomic oxygen with molecular oxygen, simultaneously one molecule of O3 is lost in reaction with NO. The process is summarized in Box 28.1. 

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LIDAR IN THE STUDY OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY TROPOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS... 

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