Leptothrix discophora

Nelson YM, Lion LW, Ghiorse WC, Shuler ML (1999) Production of biogenic Mn oxides by Leptothrix discophora SS-1 in a chemically defined growth medium and evaluation of their Pb adsorption characteristics. Appl Environ Microbial 65 175-180... 

Adams, L.F. and Ghiorse, W.C., Characterization of extracellular Mn2+-oxidizing activity and isolation of an Mn2+-oxidizing protein from Leptothrix discophora SS-1, J. Bacteriol., 169, 1279, 1987. 

Brouwers, G.J. et al., Stimulation of Mn2+ oxidation in Leptothrix discophora SS-1 by Cu2+ and sequence analysis of the region flanking the gene encoding putative multicopper oxidase mofA, Geomicrobiol. J., 17, 25, 2000a. 

Zhang, J. et al., Kinetics of Mn oxidation by Leptothrix discophora SSI, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65, 773, 2002. 

Bacillus sp. SG-1) (Leptothrix discophora SS-1) (Pseudomonas putida GB-1) (plants)... 

Because Mn(II) is stable at pH <8, significant contributions from microorganisms to Mn(II) oxidation has been relatively easy to demonstrate, and a number of Mn(II) oxidizing bacteria have been isolated. Microbial oxidation is considered the primary mechanism of Mn(II) oxidation in circumneutral freshwater (Ghiorse, 1984 Nealson et al., 1988). The sheathed bacterium Leptothrix discophora is perhaps the most-studied species of Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria, and rate laws have been developed to describe Mn(II) oxidation as a function of pH, temperature, dissolved O2, and Cu concentration (Zhang et al., 2002). Bacillus sp. 

Earlier evidence suggesting the possibility of chemolithotrophic growth of microorganisms on Mn(II) has been reviewed by Mulder (1964) and Johnson and Stokes (1966). One of the most likely candidates for successful chemolithotrophic growth on Mn(II) is Leptothrix discophora. Mulder (1964) presented evidence favouring the production by this organism of hydroxy-... 

Fig. 5.8. Oxidation of Mn(II) by Leptothrix discophora. Treatments as follows 1, suspension of manganese-grown cells 2, as in 1 plus 8 jumol of MnS04 mP 3, as in 2 except cell suspension heated at 93°C for 5 min 4, suspension of cells grown without MnS04 5, as in 4 plus 8 jumol of MnS04 mP 6, control with phosphate buffer plus MnS04 but without bacterium (from Johnson and Stokes, 1966).

As an example, we grew a Leptothrix discophora SP-6 biofilm on an initially nonpolarized cathode. The cathodic reaction mechanism is drawn schematically in Figure 5.33. Briefly, manganese-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) colonizing cathodes form... 

Dickinson WH, Caccavo F Jr, Lewandowski Z (1996) The ennoblement of stainless steel by manganic oxide biofouling. Corrosion Sci 38 1407-1422 Dickinson WH, Caccavo F Jr, Olesen B, Lewandowski Z (1997) Ennoblement of stainless steel by the manganese-depositing bacterium Leptothrix discophora. App lEnviron Microbiol 63 2502-2506... 

Fig. 6.21 Two-chamber MFC used by Rhoads et al. (2005) to examine power production using biomineralized manganese in the cathode chamber by a pure culture of Leptothrix discophora. (A) Overall process occurring in the MFC. (B) Schematic of the reactor. [Reprinted from Rhoads et al. (2005) with permission of the American Chemical Society.]...

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