Leguminosae components

Simple bicyclic compounds form a rather small subset of the lupine (or lupin) alkaloids, the overwhelming majority of which have tricyclic or tetracyclic structures based on the quinolizidine motif. These alkaloids are characteristic metabolites of the Papilionoideae, a sub-family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae), although representative examples have also been isolated from several other plant families. The simple lupine quinolizidines were surveyed in Volume 28 of this treatise (7), while later reviews in Volumes 31 (5) and 47 (9) comprehensively covered all classes of lupine alkaloids, including those containing indolizidine components. Much relevant material is also to be found in the review on the biosynthesis of pyrrolizidine and... 

Cappelletti, C. I. et al., Weak bond-linked components of the reserve and fibrillar cell walls of the endosperm of Gleditsia triacanthos (Leguminosae), ARKIVOC, 12, 62, 2005. Available online http // www.arkat-usa.org/ark/joumaF2005/112 Lederkremer/1565/1565.pdf... 

Increasing side-chain substitution of the mannose chain with galactose gives rise to a family of mucilages (Fig. 2.11). Such galactomannans are found as major storage components in the endosperm of seeds of Leguminosae (see Ta-... 

Logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum, Leguminosae) of tropical America was exported from about the middle of the 16th century. Subsequently, the wood extracts were also exported. In the latter half of the 19th century, the annual exports of the wood exceeded 100,000 tons. The major component of the extractives, namely hematoxylin, when oxidized, forms the dye hematin, which produces blue to black colors depending on the mordant of iron or copper salts or potassium dichromate. 

Mannitol is a major component of the exudates ( manna ) of a range of trees including Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae), Olea europaea (Oleaceae), Alhagi camelo-rum (Leguminosae), Myoporum platycarpum (Myoporaceae) (8, 12, 38). Mannitol was formerly used as a mild laxative. The manna that sustained the migration of the Israelites to Palestine in biblical times is reputed to have been composed of raffinose. 

As wood constituents, chalcones have been reported as heartwood components in Anacardiaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminosae, Pinaceae, and Rosaceae, and as bark components in Salicaceae. Chalcones usually occur in the trans-ioxm, but both cis and raAz -isomers of okanin (28) have been found together in Cylico-... 

Danielsson (64) determined the sedimentation constants of the globulin components of thirty-four species in the family Leguminosae. The constants for globulins isolated from Arachis hypogaea were 820 1.93, 8.40, and 13.05. The latter two constants are in agreement with those determined by Johnson and others (52,114,116,117). For four of the species Danielsson (64) reported the presence of another globulin component with 820 18-20. Subsequently, Goring and Johnson (89) reported that associated arachin had one principal component with 820 13.3 however, they also found that 6.3% of the protein had a constant of 820 21.1. 

---