Lecithins particle size distribution

Siekmann and Westesen investigated the influence of the formulation procedure on the quality of tyloxapol- (1.5 w%) and soy lecithin- (1 w%) stabilized tripalmitin (3 w%) nanoparticles [27]. They demonstrated the principal possibility of obtaining size distributions in the range of 30 to 180 nm by ultrasonification. However, these small particle sizes required long sonication times (>15 min), which raises concerns about metal contamination of the product. Moreover, it is difficult to disperse higher... 

However, it is not recommended that one use rapidly distributing surfactants exclusively because surfactant mixtures (e.g., Lipoid S75/poloxamer 188 [30] or tyloxapol/lecithin [27]) might lead to lower particle sizes and higher storage stability compared with formulations with only one surfactant. The addition of sodium glycocholate to the aqueous phase as coemulsifying agent decreases the particle size, too [27],... 

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