LCO Series two dimensional

Conventional cathode materials such as LCD with a single transition metal element are prepared by a simple solid-phase method, in which cobalt acetate and lithium carbonate are calcined at around 900 °C, and consistent product is easily obtained. For materials with multiple transition metal elements like LMO, on the other hand, it is crucial to obtain product composition that is stoichiometrically precise and to obtain the intended crystal structure. Even slight variations can result in widely divergent characteristics when used as cathode material. Strict control of preparation conditions is thus essential for this class of materials. 

Idemoto et al. [12] investigated the effect of LMO preparation method on cathode performance. They prepared material using both the solid-phase method and the solution method. In the solution method, Ni, Mn, Co, and Li salts are mixed and dried, and then the mixture is calcined. The researchers found that material prepared with the solution method showed stable characteristics, while that prepared with the solid-phase method 

The mechanism hy which these materials achieve such high discharge capacity is not yet completely clear, and many aspects of these materials are the subject of active research. There are notable reports focusing on their first-charge electrochemical behavior [16], mechanisms of deterioration [17], mechanisms of high durability [18], mechanisms of high capacity [19], mechanisms of ion transport [20], and the relationships between performance and the crystal structure [21]. 

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