Lateral Epicondyle

FIGURE 49.25 Very small locus of instant center of rotation for the elbow joint demonstrates that the axis may be replicated by a single line drawn from the inferior aspect of the medial epicondyle through the center of the lateral epicondyle, which is in the center of the lateral projected curvature of the trochlea and capitellum. (From Morrey B.F. and Chao E.Y.S. 1976. /. Bone Joint Surg. 58A 501. With permission.)... 

Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) Tendons attaching to the epicondyle of the humerus bone become irritated. 

Fig. 16.3 Schema of lateral surface of the femoral condyle. The proximal and posterior area is covered by the attachment of lateral head of the gastrocnemius (pink area). Tunnel outlets are often located at this area with the transmedial portal technique. Deep knee bend > 135° is needed to move the tunnel outlets to the area that is not covered with thick soft tissues green area). Red dot. Lateral epicondyle. Blue line Attachment of the joint capsule...

Fig. 16.5 (a) Simulation of aperture for 9-irun diameter tunnel blue oval) placed on the ACL footprint red area) to cover the footprint area as much as possible, (b) Arthroscopic view of single-bundle reconstruction covering the ACL footprint with the oval-shaped tunnel aperture. The diameter of the socket is 8 mm. (c) Schema of lateral view of the femoral condyle. Lines of 45 and 60° anterior from the proximal-distal axis are drawn from the lateral epicondyle red dot). An area around 2 cm from the lateral epicondyle on the lines is indicated green area). Pink area Attachment of the lateral head of gastrocnemius. Blue line Attachment of the joint capsule... 

Lateral epicondyle (extracapsular) 8-11 Years 9-13 Years Puberty Puberty... 

The medial and lateral epicondyles are extracapsular and fractures of these structures are not associated with capsular distension or displacement of the fat pads. 

Fig. 24.14a,b. Dislocation of the elbow with lateral epicondyle fracture, treated by a humero-olecranial pin. The orthopedic hardware may be well analyzed on these VRT images with different degrees of opacity... 

Tennis elbow test This test is performed by stabilizing the forearm. Instruct the patient to make a fist and extend his wrist. Press against the dorsum of the patient s hand as he resists. When tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) is present, the patient will experience pain at the lateral epicondyle. 

Radial head/lateral epicondyle tender points... 

FIG. 86-8 Counterstrain treatment of lateral epicondyle or radial head tender point. 

Epicondylitis is a common elbow problem, generally called tennis elbow if the lateral epicondyle is involved and golfer s elbow if the medial epicondyle is involved. This is an overuse syndrome that is associated with any activity that requires repetitive pronation and supination, such as gripping a tennis racquet, golf club, screwdriver, or doorknob. The wrist extensor muscles are involved in lateral epicondylitis. 

Somatic dysfunction of the radial head is often mistaken for lateral epicondylitis. When pain is in the lateral arm and there is weakness... 

Examination showed a healthy middle-aged man who was trim and fit. He was in good health other than the pain in the elbow. The lateral epicondyle was tender to palpation, as were the muscles of the lateral forearm. His grip was weaker on the right than the left, and supination against resistance was painful. 

Connell D, Burke F, Coombes P et al (2001) Sonographic examination of lateral epicondylitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 176 777-782... 

Anterior Elbow Pathology 371 Distal Biceps Tendon Tear 371 Bicipitoradial (Cubital) Bursitis 372 Medial Elbow Pathology 376 Medial Epicondylitis (Epitrochleitis) 376 Medial Collateral Ligament Injury 377 Epitrochlear Lymphadenopathies 377 Lateral Elbow Pathology 378 Lateral Epicondylitis 378... 

The lateral compartment of the elbow includes the extensor muscles of the wrist and hand that arise from the lateral epicondyle as the common extensor tendon , the brachioradialis, the extensor carpi radialis longus and the supinator muscles. 

Anterior to the lateral epicondyle, the main trunk of the radial nerve courses between the brachialis and the brachioradialis muscles. It is reliably exam-... 

The olecranon fossa appears as a wide and deep concavity of the posterior aspect of the humeral shaft filled with the hyperechoic posterior fat pad (Fig. 8.21a) (Miles and Lamont 1989). At both sides of this fossa, the posterior aspect of the medial and lateral epicondyles can be seen on transverse images. While examining the joint at 45 flexion, intra-articular fluid tends to move from the anterior synovial space to the olecranon recess, thus making the identification of small intra-articular effusions easier. Gentle rocking motion of the patient s elbow during scanning maybe helpful to shift elbow joint fluid into the olecranon recess. More distally, the... 

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