Laser engraver

Figure 2.6 Femoral ball heads, manufactured from zirconia with laser-engraved identification (Heimann and Willmann, 1998).

Marking on bare metals is achieved by laser engraving with Nd YAG laser. The pulse or CW CO2 lasers described above cannot mark on bare metal because the beam is reflected off the surface without any absorption. Therefore, metals can only be marked if they are anodized, painted, or coated with an absorbing material. 

FIGURE 9-17 A laser engraver uses light energy to cut or etch material. 

The trial runs were performed on a bare roll corona treatment system as well as on an atmospheric plasma treatment system, resident at the same pilot line. For all runs, two PVdC-coated polyester films were post-treated, one in the APT system with a helium/oxygen plasma, the other by means of a corona treater. Another sample constituted the control reference and was not treated. The samples were then printed at 90 mpm on a PCMC press with aqueous ink (Flint Ink) using a laser-engraved anilox roll to 300 lines per inch (Ipi) and a cell volume of 4.8 billion cubic microns (bcm)/sq.in. The printed image provided solid (100%) ink coverage. The calculated ink transfer (thickness) to the film, based upon this cell volume, was approximately 1.9 microns. The printed web drying temperature occurred at 121 °C, with a web temperature of 77 °C. 

Other examples that focus more on the optical aspects of nanocomposites include UV absorption stability enhancement, formation of translucent nanocomposites with tunable color, dichroic materials, low emissivity systems controlling energy loss, near-infrared absorbing additives for laser engraving and welding, luminescent materials, and refractive index adjrrst-ment. Such materials can be expected to show additional property improvements with additional research. 

Figure 16 Photograph of three-dimensional laser-engraved nanocomposite. Reprinted with permission from EVONIK industries.

Decoration—laser engraving and patterning. This can be aided by CAD and performed on... 

FIGURE 9.11 Laser engraved gold jewelry (Prize winner in Gold Virtuosi design competition. With permission of World Gold Council.)... 

FIGURE 9.13 Laser engraved Hallmark (Courtesy of Birmingham Assay Office). 

D. A. Goodrich, 1997. Nd YAG laser engraving of jewehy. In Proceedings of the Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, ed. D. SchneUer, 313-338. Albuquerque, NM Met-Chem Research. 

The design goal was to achieve a hst of requirements generated by laser marking and laser engraving manufacturers ... 

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