Factor Lande

Here gi is the Lande factor and Q, the quadruple momentum of the nucleus, and the radial integrals are defined as follows ... 

Here the Lande factor gs = 2 corresponds to the electron with an imposed magnetic field according to Dirac and Feynman, and gs = 1 may represent a possible option for a free electron. Further... 

The Curie constant C = g2p xNoS(S + )/3koT. determined from 11%-T curve shown in fig. 1 lb gives a spin of S = 3, when the nominal value of the Mn concentration, x — 0.053, is used. Here No is the cation density, g (= 2.0) the Lande factor of the Mn ions, /tb is the Bohr magneton, k is the Boltzmann constant. Judging from this value of 5, some ferromagnetic clusters exist already above 7c. 

Fig. 8. Critical temperatures for superconductivity, Tc, and for antiferromagnetic ordering, Tn, for RNijI C compounds with R = Lu, Tm, Er, Ho, Dy, Tb and Gd. DG is the de Gennes factor, g the Land factor and J the total angular momentum of the /t3+ Hund s rule ground stale. The straight lines represent rough linear...

Historically, the first experimental evidence of the JT effect was observed by ESR by the splitting of the Lande factor (0-tensor) in 1952 on magnetically diluted Cu2+ salts. Indeed this factor is very sensitive to even small deviation from the cubic symmetry, as will be the case for a static JTD. However, in many cases, such effects could be hidden for C60-based materials by broad linewidths arising from strong electron-spin interactions. It is essential to work with well-separated Cgo ions for this effect to be detectable. 

ESR detects a splitting of the Lande factor below 140 K, as is represented in Fig. 6 at T=40 K, consistent with a static JTD [13]. The largest value of the 0-tensor (gzz) was not found parallel to the tetragonal c-axis,suggesting that the direction of elongation is dictated by molecular symmetry and not crystal field effects. The two other values of the 0-tensor are similar, as expected for axial symmetry, but not strictly equal, leading Bietsch et al. [13] to conclude in favor of a D2h distortion. 

Less popular (undeservedly, in our opinion) is the employment of optical polarization of angular momenta and of external field effects for the determination of structural parameters of molecules. In particular, unique information can be obtained from Lande factor measurements, the magnitude and sign of which form a singularly sensitive indicator of intramolecular interactions of various types [267, 294]. 

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