Koppers-Totzek reactor

A fractionator is employed to subdivide the overhead stream into (1) gases, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane (2) light oil (3) heavy oil and (4) water. Most of the char is removed from the base of the reactor, quenched with water, and cooled. The char can then be used as a feed to a Koppers-Totzek gasifier and reacted with oxygen and steam to produce hydrogen for the process. 

The Koppers-Totzek process (Baughman, 1978 Michaels and Leonard, 1978) (Figure 21.18) is an entrained-solids process which operates at atmospheric pressure. The reactor (Figure 21.19) is a relatively small, cylindrical, refractory-lined coal burner into which coal, oxygen, and steam are charged through at least two burner heads. 

Koppers-Totzek Entrained bed reactor 1800°C 1 atm 34 51 12 Can handle all coals high temperatures destroy heavy organic tars. Shell-Koppers pressurized version (15-30 atm) under development... 

Koppers-Totzek. In this reactor, shown in Figure 10, finely powdered coal is entrained with the oxygen into a burner surrounded by steam jets. The reaction temperature is about 2700°F, no tars, phenols, aromatics, or ammonia are produced. The reaction temperature is above the fusion point of the ash, and about half the ash is tapped off as a molten slag the rest is carried over with the gas. A typical dry and sulfur-free gas composition from bituminous coal is... 

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