Kinetic energy measurement methods

An important example of the application of this method is seen for the case of ammonia. Referring to Figure 13, the measured average kinetic energy release of metastable (NH3)nH+ (n = 4-17) is seen to display a maximum value of... 

In order to obtain an insight into the intramolecular energy losses of photo-ejected electrons, their kinetic energy distributions have been measured by the method of the retarding field in a cylindrical condenser, schematically shown in Figure 8, for a sequence of monochromatic wave-... 

Ionic evaporation can be evidenced by studying carefully the shape of the mass peaks in time-of-flight mass spectroscopic measurements. The simple method used here to identify evaporation has already been demonstrated [28-31]. It is based on the detection of the translational energy if an evaporation occurs, some kinetic energy is released and its evaluation allows one to distinguish between non-evaporating clusters and those that have undergone evaporation. 

The standard method of measuring flows in a process plant is by use of the orifice plate and orifice flanges, shown in Fig. 6.7. Actually, we rarely measure flows directly. More commonly, we measure the pressure drop across an orifice plate. This pressure drop is due to the increase in kinetic energy of a fluid as it accelerates through the small hole in the orifice plate. The energy to provide the increased velocity comes from the pressure of the flowing fluid, in accordance with the following ... 

---