Ketone peroxides commercial availability

In conjunction with the chiral anion TRIP (156) (10 mol%), diamine 157 (10 mol%) can be used in the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of a,p-unsaturated ketones (>90% ee) [196], while the secondary amine 158 (10 mol%) can be used for the epoxidation of both di- and trisubstituted a,P-unsaturated aldehydes (92-98% ee) (Fig. 15) [211], The facile nature of these reactions, using commercially available peroxides as the stoichiometric oxidant, together with the synthetic utility of the epoxide products suggests application in target oriented synthesis. 

Solaqua is a patented, ex situ process for the removal of organic contaminants from wastewater or groundwater. The technology uses ferric oxalate and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of light to produce hydroxyl radicals, which destroy organic contaminants such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, alkanes, aUcynes, ethers, and ketones. Solaqua is not yet commercially available. 

The direct enantioselective a-hydroxylation of activated ketones [22], specifically cyclic / -dicarbonyl compounds, can be performed using dihydroquinine as the chiral catalyst and simple commercially available peroxides as the oxidant. The use of cumyl hydroperoxides led to the a-hydroxylation of / -ketoesters 21 in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities (66-80% ee) (Eq. 5). These optically active alcohols (22) undergo a diastereoselective reaction to anti-diols with excellent diastereoselectivity (99 1) using BH3-4-ethylmorpholine as the reducing agent. 

Two types of commercially available orthophthalate-type unsaturated polyester resins (UP) were used as liquid resins, together with a 55% DMP(dimethyl phthalate) solution of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) as a catalyst and a 8% mineral turpentine of cobalt octoate (CoOc) as an accelerator. UP-2 containing CoOc accelerator of 0.75phr (parts per hundred parts of resin). The properties of the unsaturated polyester resins are listed in Table I. 

Most commercial synthetic polymers are produced by a chain-reaction polymerization process. Some of the many initiators used are various peroxides (e.g. benzoyl peroxide, di-tertiary-butyl peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide). There are more than 65 commercially available organic peroxides in over 100 formulations. 

Recently, we have developed a versatile aqueous medium self-assembly method for the generation of diverse multicopper(II) complexes and coordination polymers derived from cheap and commercially available ligands such as aminoalcohols and benzenecarboxylates [6-15]. The obtained compounds were applied as highly efficient and versatile catalysts or catalyst precursors in two different alkane functionalization reactions. These include the mild oxidation of alkanes (typically cyclohexane as a model substrate) by hydrogen peroxide into alkyl hydroperoxides, alcohols, and ketones [6-9, 11, 16, 17], as well as the hydrocarboxylation of gaseous and liquid C ( = 2 - 9) alkanes, by carbon monoxide, water, and potassium peroxodisulfate into the corresponding carboxylic acids [12-15, 18-22]. 

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