Jaffe expansion

We now show that solutions may be obtained using the Jaffe expansion [117] ... 

We close this section by mentioning one important negative result. Using nozzle expansion, Jaffe and Anderson [95] produced HI beams with translational energies of 40-215 kcal/mole (1.73-9.32 eV), and passed them... 

Thermomechanical analysis in the tension mode can be employed in the production of films and fibers to follow the consistency of the product during manufacturing, and to characterize properties of the product, such as CLTE, thermal shrinkage and shrinkage force, and physical properties like Tg and T. All these properties are important, and they determine the end-use possibilities. For example, matching fiber-matrix expansion properties is necessary to avoid delamination of components, such as in tire cords. Shrinkage (i.e., irreversible contraction) is important to avoid in textiles for safe ironing, and it is also an important property in heat-shrink films (Jaffe et al. 1997). 

In summary, anisotropic samples such as polymer fibers and films, oriented bulky polymeric objects, and products from polymer liquid crystals will have different properties, such as thermal expansion, depending on the direction of measurement. TMA, in both the tension and expansion modes, is an important tool for characterizing the effect of orientation on thermal properties of these materials (Jaffe et al. 1997). 

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