Isoprenaline, isoproterenol

Isoprenaline (= Isoproterenol) Isosorbide dinitrate 5-lsosorbide mononitrate Isotretinoin... 

In intensive care settings, sympathomimetic catecholamines [e.g., dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), isoprenaline (isoproterenol), norepinephrine (noradrenaline, and levarterenol] are often administered via continuous infusion. In clinical practice, reservoirs and administration sets of these drugs are routinely changed every 12 or 24 hours. As the pharmacological efficacy of catecholamines is directly related to their intact phenolic groups, their stability over these dosing periods is questionable. 

P effects, nonselective (i.e. pj + Pj) isoprenaline (isoproterenol). Its uses as bronchodilator (P2), for positive cardiac inotropic effect and to enhance conduction in heart block (p, pp have been largely superseded by agents with a more appropriately selective profile of effects. Other agents with nonselective P effects, ephedrine, orciprenaline, are also obsolete for asthma. 

Fig. 22.1 Cardiovascular effects of noradrenaline (norepinephrine), adrenaline (epinephrine) and isoprenaline (isoproterenol) pulse rate/min, blood pressure in mmHg (dotted line is mean pressure), peripheral resistance in arbitrary units.The differences are due to the differential a and p agonist selectivities of these agents (see text). (By permission,after GinsburgJ,Cobbold A F I960 ln Vane J R et al (eds) Adrenergic mechanism. Churchill, London)...

Sinoatrial arrest occurred in a man with heart block following a suspected myocardial infarction, after he received intravenous lidocaine 1 mg/kg over 1 minute, followed 3 minutes later by phenytoin 250 mg given over 5 minutes. The patient lost consciousness and his blood pressure could not be measured, but he responded to a 200-microgram dose of isoprenaline (isoproterenol). ... 

Entacapone potentiated the increase in heart rate and arrhyth-mogenic effects of isoprenaline (isoproterenol) and epinephrine (adrenaline) in a study in heaithy subjects. Therefore, the manufacturers of entacapone and toicapone issue a caution about the concurrent use of adrenaiine (epinephrine), isoprenaline (isoproterenol), and a number of other sympathomimetics. 

Tolcapone and entacapone inhibit the enzyme oateohol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), whioh is oonoemed with the metabolism of drugs such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and isoprenaline (isoproterenol). There is therefore a possibility of inoreased serum levels and related adverse effects of these drugs. 

Experimental studies in patients show that pretreatment with clonidine decreases the blood pressure response to small doses of dopamine does not affect the blood pressure response to noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and can increase the blood pressure responses to dobutamine, ephedrine, isoprenaline (isoproterenol) and phenylephrine. 

The pressor effects of adrenaline (epinephrine), isoprenaline (isoproterenol), noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and methoxamine may be unchanged or only moderately increased in patients taking MAOIs. There is limited evidence that the increase may be somewhat greater in those who show a significant hypotensive response to the MAOI. Moclobemide does not appear to interact. 

The concurrent use of xanthines such as theophylline and beta-agonist bronchodilators is a useful option in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but potentiation of some adverse reactions can occur, the most serious being hypokalaemia and tachycardia, particularly with high-dose theophylline. Some patients may have a significant fall in serum theophylline levels if given oral or intravenous salbutamol (albuterol) or intravenous isoprenaline (isoproterenol). 

The pressor effects of intravenous infusions of noradrenaline were increased four to eightfold, of adrenaline two to fourfold, and of phenylephrine two to threefold in 4 healthy subjects who had been taking imipramine 75 mg daily for 5 days. There were no noticeable or consistent changes in their response to isoprenaline (isoproterenol). However, in a study of possible adverse interactions between imipramine and isoprenaline, although no abnormalities of heart rhythm were seen, one out of the 4 healthy subjects studied showed potentiation of isoprenaline- induced tachycardia. ... 

Spectroscopic methods include both UV and infrared (IR) methods. Both the BP and USP contain a UV method for adrenalone in adrenaline (epinephrine). Other drugs that are produced from the reduction of aromatic ketones or undergo oxidation to aromatic ketones have analogous tests these include isoprenaline (isoproterenol) and metaproterenol (orciprenaline). 

A-Isopropylnor- adrenaline ( = isoprenaline, isoproterenol, aludrin ) 3-Methoxy-A-isopropyl-noradrenaline Lactyladrenaline Tryptamine normal phaeochromocytoma phaeochromocytoma normal 99 0005 02... 

Isoprenaline (isoproterenol) a-methylnoiadre ne (ootefrin) Phenylethanolamine Ephedrine... 

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