Iron slags, smelting

The soda-iron slag regime is based around the sulfide reaction series. There are very few applications in the metal recovery and smelting industry using a sulfide reaction. The only smelting operation of note is the reduetion of antimony sulfide by... 

Fiedlerite is a relatively rare hydrated lead halide mineral, with the recently revised chemical formula Pb3Cl4F(0H).H20 (previously described as PbjC lOH) Merlino et al., 1994). It is related to blixite and laurionite (qq.v.) and forms as white or colourless tabular crystals as a result of smelting processes. It was first described from ancient lead slag heaps al Laurion, Attica Peninsula, Greece, by vom Rath in 1887 and by Lacroix (1896), and has been identified more recently by Franzini et al (1992) from the Etruscan iron slags of Baratti, Italy. 

An additive assisting in fusion - e.g. CaCOj in iron-smelting - although the limestone also helps with slag formation. 

The sihca dux combines with iron(II) sulfide and iron(II) oxide to form slag. The duidity of the slag, in which unwanted impurities dissolve, is controlled by the addition of limestone. Reverberatory furnaces have been largely replaced by more advanced smelting furnaces, which require lower energy input, have higher capacity, and produce higher sulfur dioxide content off-gas. 

Blastfurnace slag Iron smelting Nearly all used As roadstone, railway ballast, filter medium, aggregate for concrete, fertilizer and in manufacture of cement... 

Hochofen, m. blast furnace, -anlage, /. blastfurnace plant, -betrieb, m. blast-furnace operation. gas, n. blast-furnace gas. -guss, m. blastfurnace cast iron, -koks, m. blastfurnace coke, metallurgical coke, -schlacke, /, blast-furnace slag, -schmelze, /, blastfurnace smelting, -verfahren, n. blastfurnace process. 

Blastfurnace slag Iron smelting Nearly all used As roadstone, railway... 

The technology for the production of titania slag by direct reduction smelting in electric arc furnaces (particularly for smelting of iron titanates and ilmenites having lower amounts of titania) is very old and the process has been in vogue in Canada, Norway, South Africa,... 

QIT electromelting Hard rock ilmenite carbothermically smelted at 1700 °C to pig iron and sulphatable Ti02 slag (86-87% Ti02) SOREL, Quebec, Canada... 

Submerged arc smelting process Pre-reduction of ilmenite (50% Ti02) followed by smelting in arc furnace to yield pig iron and titania slag (87% Ti02) TINFOS, Norway... 

Plasma DC arc smelting technology - South Africa Anglo American Corp. Carbothermic smelting of ilmenite in DC arc plasma furnace to yield pig iron and titania slag (A) Namakwa Sands Ltd., South Africa (B) ISCOR, South Africa... 

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