Introduction and Experimental Procedure

This section describes two case studies by synchrotron radiation [16,17], The first is the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) observation of nano-nucleation of polyethylene (PE). The second is the t revolution off(N,t). 

We observe nano-nucleation directly by adding nucleating agent (NA) to a sample by which the SAXS intensity Ix(q, t) from the nano-nuclei increases as much as lO times, where q is the scattering vector [18,19]. At the same time, we determine the correct y(A/, r) and the 2D shape of the nano-nucleus. In addition, obtaining the AT dependence of f N, t) directly by SAXS shows that nucleation controls the induction period of crystallization, while spinodal decomposition does not [20]. 

we use another fuUy fractionated PE (M = 30 X 10, MJMn = 1.15) material for polarizing optical microscopy (POM) observation [8]. We count the number of isolated crystals for which size (a) is 1 pm, where I is defined by 

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