Intracistemal administration

Abbadie C (2005) Chemokines, chemokine receptors and pain. Trends Immunol 26 529-534 Abbadie C, Lindia JA, Cumiskey AM, Peterson LB, Mudgett JS, Bayne EK, DeMartino JA, MacIntyre DE, Forrest MJ (2003) Impaired neuropathic pain responses in mice lacking the chemokine receptor CCR2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100 7947-7952 Ahn DK, Lee KR, Lee HJ, Kim SK, Choi HS, Lim EJ, Park JS (2005) Intracistemal administration of chemokines facditated formalin-induced behavioral responses in the orofacial area of freely moving rats. Brain Res Bull 66 50-58... 

Numerous mechanistic studies of aluminum neurotoxicity have been performed, but the main sites of action have not been discerned as discussed in Section 2.4.2 and by Strong et al. (1996). Additional studies could help identify a single unifying mechanism that can explain and reconcile the wide variety of pathological, neurochemical, and behavioral effects of aluminum induced by oral exposure and in various model systems (e.g., intracerebral and intracistemal administration), but these kinds of studies are unlikely to better characterize neurotoxicity NOAELs and LOAELs relevant to MRL assessment. The relationship between aluminum exposure and neurotoxicity is an active area of research. 

Harron and Kobinger (1984) used capsaicin to elicit the Bezold-Jarisch reflex in anesthetized artificially respi-rated dogs pretreated with a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist to evaluate the activity of clonidine-like drugs on central alpha2 adrenoceptors after intracistemal administration. 

With increased meningeal inflammation, there will be greater antibiotic penetration (Table 36-3). Problems ofCSF penetration maybe overcome by direct instillation of antibiotics by intrathecal, intracistemal, or intraventricular routes of administration (Table 36-4). 

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