Internal potential, apparent

The Relationship between the Apparent Internal Potential and the Electrical Conductivity... 

The relative potential shifts of the waves also seem to support the distinction between the external Fe "05(0H2) centers and the internal Fe "06 centers within the present complexes. Previously, we concluded that the external Fe 05(0H2) centers are likely reduced before the internal Fe 06 ones. Indeed, the CVs of Fe3As4 and Fe3P4 show the disappearance of a wave attributable to an external Fe O5 (OH2) center in Fe4As4 and Fe4P4. The CVs of Fe2As4 and Fe2P4, which have no external Fe 05(0H2) centers, also agree with this hypothesis since only two waves attributable to internal Fe 06 centers are observed. These conclusions are also supported by the apparent pKa values. 

Too often, the analyst omits a very important step in method development. A standard should be selected which will assure that the desired separation is reproducible on a day-to-day, month-to-month basis. The internal standard (quantitative) discussed above is not satisfactory for this purpose because it is not one of the compounds that is a "potential" compound to be resolved. Consider, if you will, a situation wherein a method has been developed which will resolve a drug from a given metabolite. This metabolite is a product indicative of some toxic reaction within the body. Let us assume that the drug produces this reaction and, hence, the metabolite occurs only rarely in some people. Obviously, the internal standard (quantitative) must be resolved from the drug and the metabolite. However, because the toxic reaction occurs rarely, in most analyses, the metabolite will not be present. Could the analyst assume that because the retention volumes of the internal standard (quantitative), and the drug Standard, are about the same as they were the last time the analysis was done, that the metabolite would still be resolved, if present The answer is apparent The analyst must include a metabolite "standard" to reaffirm selectivity and sensitivity. 

At the fourth International Dendrimer Symposium held in 2005 at Mount Pleasant, Michigan/USA with 81 international speakers, the main emphasis was placed on the potential applications of dendritic molecules. This was apparent not least from the strict categorisation of the lectures according to possible... 

Consider a bubble rising in a fluidized bed. It is assumed that the bubble is solids-free, is spherical, and has a constant internal pressure. Moreover, the emulsion phase is assumed to be a pseudocontinuum, incompressible, and inviscid single fluid with an apparent density of pp(l — amf) + pamf. It should be noted that the assumption of incompressibility of the mixture is not strictly valid as voidage in the vicinity of the bubble is higher than that in the emulsion phase [Jackson, 1963 Yates et al., 1994]. With these assumptions, the velocity and pressure distributions of the fluid in a uniform potential flow field around a bubble, as portrayed by Fig. 9.10, can be given as [Davidson and Harrison, 1963]... 

The basic assumption in statistical theories is that the initially prepared state, in an indirect (true or apparent) unimolecular reaction A (E) —> products, prior to reaction has relaxed (via IVR) such that any distribution of the energy E over the internal degrees of freedom occurs with the same probability. This is illustrated in Fig. 7.3.1, where we have shown a constant energy surface in the phase space of a molecule. Note that the assumption is equivalent to the basic equal a priori probabilities postulate of statistical mechanics, for a microcanonical ensemble where every state within a narrow energy range is populated with the same probability. This uniform population of states describes the system regardless of where it is on the potential energy surface associated with the reaction. 

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