Intermolecular Forces in Protein-Ligand Interactions

The knowledge on protein-ligand interactions has extensively been reviewed [20, 28, 

Cation-TT interactions are another important motif, dominated by electrostatic interactions [47] within mainly hydrophobic subsites. Such a stabilizing interaction takes place between cations like ammonium ions and electron-rich jt-systems of neighboring aromatic rings. Both interactions are often not explicitly contained in common force fields or scoring functions. 

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