Intermolecular force capillary action

Intermolecular Forces In Action Surface Tension, Viscosity, and Capillary Action... 

The greater the viscosity of a liquid, the more slowly it flows. Viscosity usually decreases with increasing temperature. Surface tension arises from the imbalance of intermolecular forces at the surface of a liquid. Capillary action arises from the imbalance of adhesive and cohesive forces. 

In a liquid, intermolecular forces are strong enough to confine the molecules to a specific volume, but they are not strong enough to keep molecules from moving from place to place within the liquid. The relative freedom of motion of liquid molecules leads to three liquid properties arising from intermolecular forces surface tension, capillary action, and viscosity. ... 

Types of intermolecular forces Properties of liquids Surface tension Viscosity Capillary action Structures of solids Phase changes and diagrams... 

Liquids possess certain properties due to the intermolecular forces between the liquid particles. These properties include surface tension, viscosity, and capillary action. Solids may be either amorphous or crystalline in nature. 

Capillary action is the spontaneous rising of a liquid through a narrow tube, against the force of gravity. It is caused by competition between the intermolecular forces in the liquid... 

Relate properties such as viscosity, surface tension, and capillary action to intermolecular forces. 

Section 11.3 The stronger the intermolecular forces, the greater is the viscosity, or resistance to flow, of a liquid. The surface tension of a liquid also increases as intermolecular forces increase in strength. Surface tension is a measure of the tendency of a liquid to maintain a minimum surface area. The adhesion of a liquid to the walls of a narrow tube and the cohesion of the liquid accoxmt for capillary action and the formation of a meniscus at the surface of a liquid. 

Manifestations of Intermolecular Forces Many insects can walk on water due to surface tension. Water is drawn from roots of trees and up into the leaves because of capillary action, a direct result of intermolecular forces. The viscosity of a liquid is one of its defining properties and is important in applications such as automobile lubrication the viscosity of a motor oil must be high enough to coat an engine s surfaces, but not so high that it can t flow to remote parts of the engine. 

The rising of a liquid against the pull of gravity through a narrow space, such as a thin tube, is called capillary action, or capillarity. Capillarity results from a competition between the intermolecular forces within the liquid (cohesive forces) and those between the liquid and the tube walls (adhesive forces). Let s look at the difference between the capillarities of water and mercury in glass ... 

The most important manifestation of intermolecular forces is the very existence of hquids and solids. In liquids, we also observe several other manifestations of intermolecular forces including surface tension, viscosity, and capillary action. 

---