Interference fringing patterns

Phase-Doppler Anemometry. Theoretical analyses on dualbeam light scattering with off-axis detection 670 showed that the spatial frequency of the scattered interference fringe pattern is... 

The results of this TIR/FRAP study are that 80% of the nonspecific binding of fluorescein-labeled insulin to the external face of red cell membranes is reversible within <100s, and the mean residency time of the reversibly adsorbed insulin ranges from 0.4 s to 20 s. Surface diffusion of nonspecifically adsorbed insulin (as investigated by an TIR intersecting beam interference fringe pattern see Figure 7.5) was immeasurably small it is insufficient to carry a typical insulin more than 0.3 /xm before desorption. 

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of sample geometries and THG interference fringing patterns, a). Wedge sample geometry, x is the cell displacement direction, b). Wedge THG interference fringes as a function of x. c). Slab sample geometry, 8 is the angle of incidence, d). THG interference fringes as a function of 8 (Maker Fringes).

FIG. 8 Interference fringe pattern established by intersecting laser beams. (Adapted from Ref. 137.)... 

Fig. 5. Interference fringe patterns (X = 546 nm) and microdensiiometer traces of an unloaded and loaded (K, = 20,8 N/mm ) crack and craze in PMMA...

Fig. 14. Interference fringe patterns in PMMA of low and high molecular weight at different temperatures...

Fig. 18. Influence of temperature T on modulus E determined by interference fringe pattern and Dugdale model low ( ) and high (O) molecular weight material and compliance...

In all papers mentioned above the characterization of the craze growth has been performed by measuring the craze length. By application of the optical interference method the essential information on the growth of craze width is awiilable. Figure 22 shows the interference fringe patterns and measured craze zone sizes at a stationary crack tip in PMMA loaded in a creep test at a constant K,-value at loading times of 150 s and 2 1(F s... 

Fig. 31. Example of interference fringe patterns measured during fatigue crack propagation (

It is also quite difficult to discern if a damage in a thermoplastic is a craze or already a crack. The interferometrical measurement of the contour of a particular structure may facilitate such a decision. Figure 3,3 shows interference fringe patterns in a specimen of PC broken in a tensile test at 77 K These optical interferences originating from crack-like structures below the fracture surface have been evaluated and the square of the local displacements were plotted as a function of the distance from the surface in Fig. 3.4. According to Eq. (4) this should be a linear function in the case of a crack in contrast to a curved one for a craze (Eq. (8 b)). Thus,... 

Fig. 3.3. Interference fringe patterns of crazes in PC growing from the surface into the interior of the specimen...

Using the interference optical method craze growth in both dimensions, length and width, can be investigated. Figure 3.5 shows the interference fringe patterns and the evaluated craze contours at a stationary crack tip in PMMA of high... 

Fig. 41. Sketch of cycKc loading together with interferent fringe patterns of crack opening and craze zone in PMMA at upper and lower load level (ro = 50 Hz R g 0.1 da/dN = 1.2 10 mm/ cycle)...

Fig. 4.20a, b. Interference fringe patterns taken in the very moments of crack jump during RCG in a PVC b PS Crack propagation from left to right jump positions are indicated by arrows,... 

The visibility quantifies the contrast of interference referring to the amplitude of the envelope of the interference fringe pattern and is approximately... 

In laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) [1] based on the differential technique, two coherent laser beams, which are usually generated by beam splitting, are made to intersect at a small angle 26, see Fig. 1. In the area of intersection (the measurement volume), an interference fringe pattern with nearly parallel planes arises. The normal vector of these planes lies in the plane spanned by the LDV partial beams and is aligned... 

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