Interfacial Transport Phenomena

Reactive absorption, distillation, and extraction have much in common. First of all, they involve at least one liquid phase, and therefore the properties of the liquid state become significant. Second, they occur in moving systems, thus the process hydrodynamics plays an important part. Third, these processes are based on the contact of at least two phases, and therefore the interfacial transport phenomena have to be considered. Further common features are multicomponent interactions of mixture components, a tricky interplay of mass transport and chemical reactions, and complex process chemistry and thermodynamics. 

Gas-liquid Reasonable Turbulence modeling -1- modeling of interfacial transport phenomena -1- prediction of flow regime transition -1- interaction of hydrodynamics with chemical transformation processes... 

Trickle bed reactors Slurry reactors Three-phase fluidized beds No Little Little Modeling on basis of unit cell approach + development of correspondence rules for macroscopic system behavior Modeling of the effect of the solids phase on interfacial transport phenomena Modeling of the effect of the solids phase on interfacial transport phenomena -I- development of refined models for particle-particle and particle-wall interaction... 

J.C. Slattery, Interfacial Transport Phenomena. Springer (1990). (Very thorough and long treatise, encyclopedic in nature. Parts are highly abstract and detailed, but many applications are also discussed.)... 

Slattery JC (1990) Interfacial Transport Phenomena. Springer-Verlag, New York... 

For the purpose of describing interfacial transport phenomena it is convenient to describe the 2D surface geometry using a 3D reference system with origo located outside the surface in the CV in which the surface is embedded (e.g., [63], chap. 3 [217], sect. 11.4 [62], pp. 486-492). This framework is named extrinsic and connects the 2D surface and the ambient 3D bulk phases. The intrinsic perspective of an observer located internally within the surface is then used as a component part providing a simpler description of the interface in terms of a 2D representation which is independent of the 3D space in which the interface is embedded. Due to the mathematical complexity involved, the notation of the 2D differential geometry is examined briefly. A more comprehensive introduction can be found in, for instance, references [63, 217, 25, 129, 1, 62, 94, 199, 241, 232, 29]. 

In practical applications one normally neglects the terms describing the interfacial transport phenomena, thus the jump component mass balance may be written as ... 

This result is then used to rewrite the surface enthalpy substantial derivative term in (3.102), and so the required form of the jump enthalpy balance is obtained. However, in practical applications of the jump condition for catalytic surfaces, one generally neglects the terms describing the interfacial transport phenomena and retains only the heat of reaction term. Therefore, the approximate jump heat balance is written as ... 

Slattery JC (1980) Invited Review Interfacial Transport Phenomena. Chem Eng Sci 4 149-166... 

N. K. Tutu, T. Ginsberg, and J. C. Chen, Interfacial Drag for Two-Phase Flow Through High Permeability Porous Beds, in Interfacial Transport Phenomena, ASME, 37-44,1983. 

Schmidt L.D. 1998. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Slattery J.C. 1967. Flow of viscoelastic flnids throngh porous media, AIChE J., 13, 1066-1071. Slattery J.C. 1990. Interfacial Transport Phenomena. Springer-Verlag, New York. 

Reactive distillation occurs in multiphase fluid systems, with an important role of the interfacial transport phenomena. It is an inherently multicomponent process with much more complexity than similar binary processes. Multi-component thermodynamic and diffusional coupling in the phases and at the interface is accompanied by complex hydrodynamics and chemical reactions [4, 42, 43]. As a consequence, an adequate process description has to be based on specially developed mathematical models. However, sophisticated RD models are hardly applicable for plant design, model-based control and online process optimization. For such cases, a reasonable model reduction should be applied [44],... 

Hanratty, T. J., Separate Flow Modelling and Interfacial Transport Phenomena, Applied Sci. Research (Kluwer), Vol. 48, pp. 353-390 (1991). 

This expression can be generalized to other interfacial transport phenomena, such as diffusio-osmosis and thermo-osmosis, as it has been well discussed in. These correspond to the induction of a flow by the gradient of a solute concentration for the former and by a... 

JC Slattery. Interfacial Transport Phenomena. New York Springer-Verlag, 1990. 

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