Interfacial Confinement

Interfacial Confinement of Plasticity and Fracture. From the perspective of the mechanical properties of materials, interfaces are key players as a result of their unequivocal role in dictating mechanical response. The role of such interfaces in 

In the discussion given above, we have illustrated the sense in which interfaces can alter material properties. The entirety of all interfaces found within a given material forms one of the key backbones of that material s microstructure. Indeed, much of the actual business of microstructural control takes place at interfaces, either by eliminating them through processes such as grain growth, or by intentionally creating them such as in processes like the carburization of steel. 

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Luo, Y. and H. Gu, Nanoencapsulation via interfacially confined reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization. Polymer 4S (2007) 3262-3272. 

Lu F, Luo Y, Li B (2007) A facile route to synthesize highly uniform ntmocapsules use of amphiphilic poly(acrylic acid)-h/ock-polystyrene RAFT agents to interfacially confine miniemulsion polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 28 868-874... 

Luo YW, Gu HY (2006) A general strategy for nano-encapsulation via interfacially confined living/controlled radical miniemulsion polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 27 21-25... 

Baudouin, A.-C., Auhl, D., Tao, F. R, Devaux, J., and Bailly, C. 2011. Rolymer blend emulsion stabilization using carbon nanotubes interfacial confinement. Polymer 52 149-156. 

Interfacially Confined Liquids - above the critical threshold... 

Below a critical thickness of interfacially confined liquids, macroscopic phenomenological theories have to be adjusted. Simple nonpolar liquids such as... 

Figure 6. Interfacially confined hexadecane measured by SFM shear modulation spectroscopy. The shear response is measured simultaneously with the normal force deflection of the cantilever as function of the cantilever-siicon sample distance. The difference in the bending onset of the two curves defines the interfacially confined boundary layer thickness.

Overney, R. M. Guo, L. Totsuka, H. Rafailovich, M. Sokolov, J. Schwarz, S. A. Interfacially confined polymeric systems studied by atomic force microscopy Material Research Society , 1997. 

In this paper, we will address the complex issue of the mechanical determination of Tg at surfaces of thick bulk-like, as well as interfacially confined ultrathin polymer films. First, we will show that the pressure exerted by the tip does not affect the glass transition. Then, we will introduce a novel contact mechanical technique to determine the Tg of thin films, shear modulation SPM. Finally we will present Tg results on films where interfacial interactions, remaining stress and conformational changes, formed during film preparation, alter the bulk Tg. 

Baudouin AC et al. Polymer blend emulsion stabilization using carbon nanotubes interfacial confinement. Polymer 2011 52(1) 149-156. 

Li W, Matyjaszewski K, Albrecht K, Moller M (2009) Reactive surfactants for polymeric nanocapsules via interfacially confined miniemulsion ATRP. Macromolecules 42 8228-8233... 

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