Interfacial accumulation

Interfacial accumulation of a ligand or complex greatly increases the two-dimensional interfacial concentration and facilitates the formation of aggregates of those adsorbed compounds [7]. 

However, after the study of inosine-substituted ODN, there was evidence that the pretreatment improved the electrochemistry of purine bases, with a smaller effect on the interfacial accumulation [78]. The G oxidation signal was strongly affected by the surface pre-treatment of CP. However, the inosine-modified probe response was less affected by this treatment [78], suggesting a lesser effect on adsorption over the electrochemistry of purine base. However, if inosine (a non-purine base) substituted G in the ODN sequence, the stability of the adsorbed probe on CP was similar to that observed with G-containing ODN, i.e., being stable in a stirred PBS for up to 15 min. Such behavior indicated that the inosine substitution has little effect upon the stability of the adsorbed probe [78]. 

What is the specific feature in the reaction at the liquid/liquid interface The catalytic role of the interface is of primary importance in solvent extraction and other two-phase reaction kinetics. In solvent extraction kinetics, the adsorption of the extractant or an intermediate complex at the liquid/liquid interface significantly increased the extraction rate. Secondly, interfacial accumulation or concentration of adsorbed molecules, which very often results in interfacial aggregation, is an important role played by the interface. This is because the interface is available to be saturated by an extractant or mehd complex, even if the concentration of the extractant or metal complex in the bulk phase is very low. Molecular recognition or separation by the interfacial aggregation is the third specific feature of the interfacial reaction and is thought to be closely related to the biological functions of cell membranes. In addition, molecular diffusion of solute and solvent molecules at the liquid/liquid interface has to be elucidated in order to understand the molecular mobility at the interface. In this chapter, some examples of specific... 

Wang, J. Bonakdar, M. Morgan, C. Voltammetric measurement of tricyclic antidepressants following interfacial accumulation at carbon electrodes. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 1024-1028. 

The notion adsorption is used not only to indicate the process of interfacial accumulation but also to refer to the amount of accumulated material. Alternatively,... 

Water is a unique medium. Hydration of an adsorbent often goes together with the dissoeiative ehemisorption of water molecules. Unequal dissolution of eonstituent ions in ionerystals or surface dissoeiation, ionization processes result in surface charging, so the surface properties of adsorbent alter inherently in aqueous medium and various speeies are released into the aqueous phase, whieh may react with solute or with the CO2 contaminant hardly eliminated from aqueous systems. Water is unique in that sense, too, in that it is the most eommon and the only naturally oeeurring inorganic liquid on Earth and that aqueous solutions are involved in the most environmental and tremendous man-made processes. The interfacial accumulation of various species from eleetrolyte solutions is always present in these processes. The importance of this issue is unehaUenged. 

E stands for the energy balance equations for each phase on any plate one equation for the liquid phase and one for the vapor phase, with an additional equation on each plate at the phase interface representing no interfacial accumulation of heat. 

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