Intercalation lamellar matrix

Phosphates having these types of open structures can act as shape-selective acid catalysts, for example, for the cracking and isomerization of hydrocarbons. For examples of lamellar materials, see Section 5.3 and see Intercalation Chemistry). Microporous catalysts are described above and in (see Porous Inorganic Materials and Zeolites). Mesoporous AlPO materials have larger pores within a matrix of amorphous A1P04. ... 

According to all analyses, it has been found an optimal sonication time for intercalation of polymer (surfactant) into lamellar space of clay matrix. For the PEG/clay composite the sonication time was 20 min and for the surfactant/clay composite it was 15 min. The inner structure of the clay did not destroyed by the sonication procedure. The longer ultrasound treatment resulted in complete degradation of the clay and aggregation of the surfactant on the surface. 

The experimental results show that the intercalation of diaminopropane into lamellar VOPO4.H2O (at least in the stoichiometric ratio used in this work), leads to the formation an equimolar (1 1) mixture of two compounds with formulas V0P04-[H2N—(CH2)3NH2] and V0P04.[Fl2N—(CH2)3NH2]o.5, which exhibits different coordination features. Furthermore, such intercalation promotes the exfoliation of the oxovanadium matrix, as confirmed by SEM images. 

The grafted chains pushed the lamellar sheets apart from each other and led to the achievement of an excellent degree of clay exfoliation, which, for example, leads to improved thermal stability compared to unfilled PLA and even intercalated counterparts. Moreover, while the Tg and T of the PLA matrix were not influenced by the nanofiller, the degree of crystallinity of the polyester in the exfoliated stmc-ture was significantly higher than in the intercalated nanocomposite [45]. 

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