Interactions Zener double exchange

Zener, C (1951) Interaction between the d-shells in the transition metals, Phys. Rev. 81,440 and Interaction between the d-shells in the transition metals 2 Ferromagnetic compounds of manganese with perovskite structure, Phys. Rev. 82, 403. These two papers have been cited collectively almost 4000 times and describe the double exchange mechanism. Clarence Zener spent a short time (1940-1942) as an instructor at Washington State University when it was still known as Washington State College. 

Regularly the perovskite-like manganese compounds were began to study as long as 1950 years. Zener was the first who proposed the mechanism of indirect interaction of localized moments in crystal via conduction electrons [3, 4] and called it as double exchange. The experimental results by Jonker and van Santen [1, 2], that connected ferromagnetism and conductivity, were in full qualitative concordance with Zener s theory. The general idea of... 

Zener gave rise to appear two main approaches. The first is double exchange (DE) mechanism in the sense of Anderson and Hasegawa [6]. The second is the mechanism of indirect interaction by Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) [25-27]. 

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