INDUCED TRANSPORT ANALYSIS

If this idea is correct, it should be possible to selectively perturb one of the two fluxes mediated by the glutamate transporters. Indeed, analysis of a mutant with a cysteine residue introduced in the hydrophobic linker region, 1421C (corresponding to position 451 in GLT-1, see Fig. 4) reveals that the coupled uptake in this mutant is very sensitive to sulfhydryl reagents (54). Strikingly, the substrate-induced anion conductance is not affected at all by the sulfhydryl reagents (54). Similar observations have... 

Muller, C., Schafer, P., Stortzel, M., Vogt, S., and Weinmann, W. (2002). Ion suppression effects in liquid chromatography-electrospray-ionization transport-region collision induced dissociation mass spectrometry with different serum extraction methods for systematic toxicological analysis with mass spectra libraries. /. Chromatogr. B 773, 47— 52. 

Archaebacterial rhodopsins may provide models for signal transduction and ion transport.62 Spin labels were attached to sensory rhodopsin (pSRII) and its transducer (pHTrll) from Natronobacterium pharaonis. Interspin distance determined by line-shape analysis including a Gaussian distribution of distances revealed a 2 2 complex with 2-fold symmetry. Distances for 26 pairs of spin labels defined the orientation of the TM helices of pHtrll relative to the F and G helices of pSRII.63 Light excitation causes a flap-like movement of helix F of NpSRII that induces a rotary motion of a helix in the transmembrane domain of the transducer.62... 

Mathematical analysis of this problem has been performed by Belyakov et al. (1979a) on the basis of the equations of transport along the surface with due account for carrier migration in the self-induced electric field S (y). 

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