Induced polarization, definition

The ER effect is obviously induced by an external electric field, and the polarization definitely plays an important role. The dielectric properties of both the dispersed particle and the dispersing medium should be critical to the ER effect. The dielectric tool thus is frequently used for investigating how dielectric property influences the ER effect. 

If there are N independent molecules per unit volume, the induced polarization P = TVd. From Equation (10.26), the linear susceptibility X/V is thus given by KQ% P=Noiij, using the definition... 

Cu9ln4 and Cu2Se. They performed electrodeposition potentiostatically at room temperature on Ti or Ni rotating disk electrodes from acidic, citrate-buffered solutions. It was shown that the formation of crystalline definite compounds is correlated with a slow surface process, which induced a plateau on the polarization curves. The use of citrate ions was found to shift the copper deposition potential in the negative direction, lower the plateau current, and slow down the interfacial reactions. 

Definitions.Expressions. The electric field E of an optical beam induces in a material a polarization AP which can be written (12) ... 

The method of field-induced thermally stimulated current (FITSC) consists of measuring— according to a definite (usually linear) heating scheme—the currents generated by the buildup and release of a polarized state in a high-resistivity solid... 

Let (A, A) be a principally polarized abelian variety of dimension g. In this article a r<)(p)-level structure on (A, A) is a flag of subgroup schemes 0 C Hi C Hg C A p] such that the order of Hi is p and such that Hg is totally isotropic for the Weil-pairing induced by A on A[p. We let S(g,p) be the algebraic stack over Spec(Z) parametrizing principally polarized abelian varieties endowed with a Fo(p)-level structure (Definition 1.1). 

Provided that the field-induced non-linearity is not too large, the preceding formula yields, tvith regard to the definition (2A6) and equation (250), the following quadratic variation of the molar polarization ... 

The first method is practicable when we are merely concerned with an effect (due to an electrostatic field) of distant substituents on the moment of a definite bond. This influence is manifested by the electrons of the polar bond becoming displaced, the displacement leading either to an increase or to a decrease in the original moment. Thus an induced dipole is superposed on that originally existing. 

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