Indium phthalocyanine, preparation

Indium phthalocyanine (PcInCl) can be prepared by treating indium(III) chloride with phthalonitrile in a high-boiling solvent like quinoline139 or 1-chloronaphthalene.143 Dimeric indium(III) phthalocyanine complexes of the type Pc2In,144 Pc3In2145 as well as a bicyclic phthalocyanine (Pc3/2ln)146 are also known. 

Thallium phthalocyanine (PcT12) can be obtained by heating phthalonitrile with an inter-metallic alloy of indium and thallium in an evacuated glass ampule.145 The structure of this compound is unique among metal phthalocyanines as the two thallium cations occupy two opposite corners of an octahedron, which is formed by the thallium cations and the four iso-indolinc nitrogen atoms facing the center of the macrocycle.147 Another unusual type of phthalocyanine can be prepared by heating phthalonitrile with thallium metal.148 It was identified as a bicyclic thallium(III) phthalocyanine (Pc3/2T1).14S... 

Novel ball-type four f-butyl-calix[4]arene bridged double deckers lutetium(III) phthalocyanine [LuPc2(tbca)4] 10 and indium(III) phthalocyanine [InPc2(tbca)4] 11 were prepared by the reaction of l,3-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)-4-fe/t-butylcalix arene 9 and the corresponding metal salts (Lu(OAc)3 3H20 and InCl3) in the presence of lithium metal in 1-pentanol under N2 in a sealed tube for 15h, Fig. 3. Yields of 10 and 11 were 18 and 55%, respectively. 

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