Incipient wetness ruthenium catalysts

For industrial application usually such metals as palladium, platinum, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, molybdemun, nickel, either alone or as bimetallic catalyst are used. They are introduced using ion exchange, excess solution impregnation, incipient-wetness impregnation or physical vapor deposition methods. 

The catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation technique, using aqueous solutions of RuCls and Fe(NOs)3. Solutions of predetermined concentrations were added dropwise to silica (HS-5 Cab-O-Sil from Cabot Corp.) with constant mixing. Sequential impregnations of ruthenium and then iron were used for the bimetallic catalysts, and all samples were dried overnight at 383 K after any impregnation step. The iron nitrate solution was 93% isotopically enriched in the Te Mossbauer isotope. 

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