Impurity phases magnetic effects

In recent years, it was reported that significant differences in specific heat, magnetization, and laser Raman spectroscopic properties between d- and /-alanine single crystals may be related to WNC and phase transition effects [136]. However, these results may originate from certain impurities incorporated in the crystals due to the lack of reproducibility which is carefully made by the other independent research groups [137]. 

They also added Ga and Dy to their magnets. The Ga addition was thought to lower the Curie temperature of the harmful impurity phase Nd(Fe,Co,Ni)2, while the effect of the Dy addition has been discussed earlier in this section (see also sect. 2). 

MS2 NiSAl-91 < X < 2.1) Nii j,CUySi.93 (0.03 < y < 0.1) Investigation of structural, electronic, and magnetic properties by means of X-ray diffraction, densitometry, resistivity, susceptibility, and Ni Mossbauer spectroscopy as function of x temperature of phase transition from semimetalhc to metallic state as function of x different Ni sites with different (l/f l) and different angle between H and EFG axis effect of Cu impurities... 

Ideally pure magnetic systems have provided the most extensively investigated models of the large scale collective behavior of atoms and electrons that occur in the vicinity of the critical point of phase transitions. More recent studies have unearthed fascinating effects caused by the intentional introduction of impurities and defects into random locations in the atomic lattice of a magnetic material. For example, these random magnetic systems... 

In 1956, Selwood published the results of studies by the spin-echo method, in which the response of the nuclear magnetization to a series of pulses is measured, for methanol, ethanol, water, and n-hexane adsorbed on y-a l UBiina, silica-alumina, MnO, and CuO, all presumably diamagnetic materials ( ). He found for the proton relaxation time marked reductions over those in the liquid phase, but pointed out that many uncertainties remained, such as the effects of traces of paramagnetic impurities and of the shapes of pores in which the adsorbate molecules were located ... 

---